ArticleJournal of clinical medicine2022
Randomized Double-Blind Crossover Study for Evaluating a Probiotic Mixture on Gastrointestinal and Behavioral Symptoms of Autistic Children.
Article in Journal of clinical medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Effects of Probiotic Supplementation on Core Symptoms of Autism Spectrum Disorder in Children.Nutrients · 2026Pooled it
- Potential gut-brain axis-targeted therapies for autism spectrum disorder in children: opportunities and challenges.World journal of pediatrics : WJP · 2025Pooled it
- Microbiota-based interventions for autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review of efficacy and clinical potential.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Pooled it
- Review
- Development of a Metagenomics-Guided Personalized Synbiotic Protocol for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Exploratory Case Series.Nutrients · 2026Article
- The Gut Microbiota-Tryptophan-Brain Axis in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A New Frontier for Probiotic Intervention.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Immune-related mechanisms of fecal microbiota transplantation in the intestinal microenvironment as a potential intervention for autism spectrum disorder patients.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- A case-control analysis: changes in gut microbiota composition in children with autism spectrum disorder.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Advancement on the Association between Gut Microbiota and Autism Spectrum Disorder in Children.Annals of nutrition & metabolism · 2026Review
- Effect of multispecies probiotics on autism symptoms: protocol for a randomized controlled trial (PROBAUT).Trials · 2025Article
- Interventions targeting the gut microbiota and their possible effect on gastrointestinal and neurobehavioral symptoms in autism spectrum disorder.Gut microbes · 2025Review
- Assessment of Probiotics' Impact on Neurodevelopmental and Behavioral Responses in Zebrafish Models: Implications for Autism Spectrum Disorder Therapy.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2025Article
- Gut Microbiota and Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Neuroinflammatory Mediated Mechanism of Pathogenesis?Inflammation · 2025Review
- The Effect of Probiotics and Microbiota on Nervous System and Mental Illnesses.Central nervous system agents in medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
- Article
- The Microbiome-Genetics Axis in Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Probiotic Perspective.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Salivary Transcriptome and Mitochondrial Analysis of Autism Spectrum Disorder Children Compared to Healthy Controls.NeuroSci · 2024Article
- Multikingdom and functional gut microbiota markers for autism spectrum disorder.Nature microbiology · 2024Article
- Harnessing the Gut Microbiome: To What Extent Can Pre-/Probiotics Alleviate Immune Activation in Autism Spectrum Disorder?Nutrients · 2024Review
- The Impact of Essential Amino Acids on the Gut Microbiota of Broiler Chickens.Microorganisms · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) represent a diagnostic challenge with a still partially uncertain etiology, in which genetic and environmental factors have now been assessed. Among the hypotheses underlying the involvement of biological and environmental factors, the gut-brain axis is of particular interest in autism spectrum disorders. Several studies have highlighted the related incidence of particular gastrointestinal symptoms (GISs) in children suffering from ASDs. Probiotics have shown success in treating several gastrointestinal dysbiotic disorders; therefore, it is plausible to investigate whether they can alleviate behavioral symptoms as well. On these bases, a randomized double-blind crossover study with a placebo was conducted, evaluating the effects of a mixture of probiotics in a group of 61 subjects aged between 24 months and 16 years old with a diagnosis of ASD. Behavioral evaluation was performed through the administration of a questionnaire including a Parenting Stress Index (PSI) test and the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale (VABS). The Psycho-Educational Profile and the Autism Spectrum Rating Scale (ASRS) were also evaluated. Microbial composition analyses of fecal samples of the two groups was also performed. The study showed significant improvements in GISs, communication skills, maladaptive behaviors, and perceived parental stress level after the administration of probiotics. Microbiome alpha diversity was comparable between treatment arms and no significant differences were found, although beta diversity results were significantly different in the treatment group between T0 and T1 time points.
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Registered trials
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