Nanotechnology Meets Oncology: A Perspective on the Role of the Personalized Nanoparticle-Protein Corona in the Development of Technologies for Pancreatic Cancer Detection.

In recent years nanotechnology has opened exciting opportunities in the struggle against cancer. In 2007 Dawson and coworkers demonstrated that nanomaterials exposed to biological fluids are coated with plasma proteins that form the so-called "protein corona". A few years later our joint research team made of physicists, chemists, biotechnologists, surgeons, oncologists, and bioinformaticians introduced the concept of "personalized protein corona" and demonstrated that it is unique for each human condition. This concept paved the way for the development of nano-enabled blood (NEB) tests for the diagnosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). These studies gave an impetus to serious work in the field that came to maturity in the late 2010s. In this special issue, we provide the reader with a comprehensive overview of the most significant discoveries of our research team in the field of PDAC detection. We focus on the main achievements with an emphasis on the fundamental aspects of this arena and how they shaped the integration of different scientific backgrounds towards the development of advanced diagnostic technologies. We conclude the review by outlining future perspectives and opportunities to transform the NEB tests into a reliable clinical diagnostic technology for early diagnosis, follow-up, and management of PDAC patients.