ReviewBiomedicines2022
The Interplay of Tumor Vessels and Immune Cells Affects Immunotherapy of Glioblastoma.
Review in Biomedicines, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Physical Exercise in Immunotherapy.Sports medicine - open · 2026Review
- Organoids to Model Tumor Microenvironment in Progression of Pathogenesis and Treatment Resistance in Glioblastoma Multiforme.Brain sciences · 2026Review
- Anti-VEGF vascular remodeling drives germinal center B cell-rich tertiary lymphoid structures during antibody-toxin and anti-CD40 combination therapy in glioblastoma.Research square · 2026Article
- Natural killer cells, macrophages and dendritic cells as innate immune therapies for blood cancers.Annals of hematology · 2026Review
- Chitinase-3-like protein 1 depletion in glioma cells alters tumor microenvironment and normalizes neovasculature in human glioma xenografts.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Article
- CAR-T cells in solid tumors: engineering, biomarkers, translational pathways and the road ahead.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- NPLOC4 Constructs Tumor Immunosuppressive Microenvironment in Pan-cancer and Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Current medicinal chemistry · 2026Article
- Advancing CAR-based cell therapies for solid tumours: challenges, therapeutic strategies, and perspectives.Molecular cancer · 2025Review
- Preparation of surface-modified PLGA nanoparticles containing carbon quantum dots: insights from C6 cell line assays.Nanomedicine (London, England) · 2025Article
- 7aaRGD - a novel SPP1/integrin signaling-blocking peptide reverses immunosuppression and improves anti-PD-1 immunotherapy outcomes in experimental gliomas.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2025Article
- Unmasking the potential: mechanisms of neuroinflammatory modulation by oncolytic viruses in glioblastoma.Exploration of targeted anti-tumor therapy · 2025Review
- Review
- 'Slicing' glioblastoma drivers with the Swiss cheese model.Trends in cancer · 2024Review
- Cancer Immunotherapy with "Vascular-Immune" Crosstalk as Entry Point: Associated Mechanisms, Therapeutic Drugs and Nano-Delivery Systems.International journal of nanomedicine · 2024Review
- Immune cell identity behind the KMagnetic resonance imaging · 2023Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Immunotherapies with immune checkpoint inhibitors or adoptive cell transfer have become powerful tools to treat cancer. These treatments act via overcoming or alleviating tumor-induced immunosuppression, thereby enabling effective tumor clearance. Glioblastoma (GBM) represents the most aggressive, primary brain tumor that remains refractory to the benefits of immunotherapy. The immunosuppressive immune tumor microenvironment (TME), genetic and cellular heterogeneity, and disorganized vasculature hinder drug delivery and block effector immune cell trafficking and activation, consequently rendering immunotherapy ineffective. Within the TME, the mutual interactions between tumor, immune and endothelial cells result in the generation of positive feedback loops, which intensify immunosuppression and support tumor progression. We focus here on the role of aberrant tumor vasculature and how it can mediate hypoxia and immunosuppression. We discuss how immune cells use immunosuppressive signaling for tumor progression and contribute to the development of resistance to immunotherapy. Finally, we assess how a positive feedback loop between vascular normalization and immune cells, including myeloid cells, could be targeted by combinatorial therapies with immune checkpoint blockers and sensitize the tumor to immunotherapy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.