ArticleAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)2022
Molecular Characterization of Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL) and Virulence Gene-Factors in Uropathogenic
Article in Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Implementing the CRISPR 2.1 array for genotyping enhances identification of uropathogenic Escherichia coli in Colombian pediatric patients.Biomedica : revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud · 2026Article
- Molecular characterization of ESBL-producingFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Influence of meteorological and environmental factors on pediatric urinary tract infections: insights from a 6-year retrospective study in Central China.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Correlation between antimicrobial resistance, biofilm formation, and virulence determinants in uropathogenic Escherichia coli from Egyptian hospital.Annals of clinical microbiology and antimicrobials · 2024Article
- Retrospective analysis of pediatric sepsis and the burden of antimicrobial resistance in Duhok, Kurdistan Region of Iraq.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
- Multidrug-Resistant ESBL-ProducingAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
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Abstract
Background: The presence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing bacteria among uropathogens is significantly increasing in children all over the world. Thus, this research was conducted to investigate the prevalence of E. coli and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern, and both genes of ESBL-producing E. coli resistant and virulence factor in UTIs patients among children in Duhok Province, Kurdistan, Iraq. Method: a total of 67 E. coli were identified from 260 urine samples of pediatric patients diagnosed with UTIs aged (0−15 years) which were collected from Heevi Pediatric Teaching Hospital, from August 2021 to the end of February 2022. Result: a high proportion of UPEC infections at ages <5 years and the rates among girls (88%) were significantly higher than those among the boys. A wide variety of E. coli are resistant to most antibiotics, such as Amoxicillin, Ampicillin and Tetracycline, and 64% of them were positive for ESBL. Interestingly, the presence of both the ESBL marker genes (blaTEM, and blaCTX-M) as well as both virulence marker genes (pai and hly) were detected in above 90% of E. coli. Conclusion: the data illustrate an alarming increase in UPEC with ESBL production and the emergence of multidrug-resistant drugs in the early age of children. The public health sectors should further monitor the guidelines of using antibiotics in Kurdistan, Iraq.
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