ReviewAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)2022
Educational Interventions to Reduce Prescription and Dispensing of Antibiotics in Primary Care: A Systematic Review of Economic Impact.
Review in Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Understanding how veterinarians' knowledge, attitudes, and practices influence antibiotic prescription: a systematic review of survey studies.BMC veterinary research · 2025Pooled it
- Effectiveness of educational interventions in improving antimicrobial dispensing by community pharmacists: a systematic review.BMC medical education · 2025Pooled it
- Article
- Mailed Audit and Feedback for Antibiotic Prescribing in Primary Care.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Development of AWaRe-Based Quality Indicators to Assess the Appropriateness of Antibiotic Prescribing in Primary Healthcare in South Africa.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Factors associated with patient adherence to medical recommendations during a health crisis.PloS one · 2026Article
- Trends in primary care antibiotic prescribing during the implementation of national stewardship policies: Türkiye, 2011-2019.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Pharmacy professionals' knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours regarding antibiotic use and antimicrobial resistance in Oman.Journal of pharmaceutical policy and practice · 2026Article
- Article
- Antimicrobial resistance in Malaysia: a cross-sectional study analysing trends and economic impacts.BMJ open · 2025Article
- Changing the antibiotic prescribing of Australian general practice registrars' for acute respiratory tract infections: a non-randomized controlled trial.Family practice · 2025Article
- Barriers and facilitators for the implementation of delayed-prescription of antibiotics in family medicine: a qualitative study.BMC health services research · 2025Article
- Tackling antibiotic resistance-insights from eHealthResp's educational interventions.NPJ primary care respiratory medicine · 2024Article
- Impact of Educational Films on Antibiotic Prescription among Physicians: A Web-Based Survey in Japan.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Hospital prescribing patterns of antibiotics in Zambia using the WHO prescribing indicators post-COVID-19 pandemic: findings and implications.JAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2024Article
- Effects of a Primary Care Antimicrobial Stewardship Program on Meticillin-ResistantAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- A Narrative Review of Recent Antibiotic Prescribing Practices in Ambulatory Care in Tanzania: Findings and Implications.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Review
- GPs' Perspective on a Multimodal Intervention to Enhance Guideline-Adherence in Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infections: A Qualitative Process Evaluation of the Multicentric RedAres Cluster-Randomised Controlled Trial.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- A Narrative Review of Antibiotic Prescribing Practices in Primary Care Settings in South Africa and Potential Ways Forward to Reduce Antimicrobial Resistance.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Educational Interventions to Reduce Prescription and Dispensing of Antibiotics in Primary Care: A Systematic Review of Economic Impact.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance remains a crucial global public health problem with excessive and inappropriate antibiotic use representing an important driver of this issue. Strategies to improve antibiotic prescription and dispensing are required in primary health care settings. The main purpose of this review is to identify and synthesize available evidence on the economic impact of educational interventions to reduce prescription and dispensing of antibiotics among primary health care professionals. Information about the clinical impact resulting from the implementation of interventions was also gathered. PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and EMBASE were the scientific databases used to search and identify relevant studies. Of the thirty-three selected articles, most consisted of a simple intervention, such as a guideline implementation, while the others involved multifaceted interventions, and differed regarding study populations, designs and settings. Main findings were grouped either into clinical or cost outcomes. Twenty of the thirty-three articles included studies reporting a reduction in outcome costs, namely in antibiotic cost and associated prescription costs, in part due to an overall improvement in the appropriateness of antibiotic use. The findings of this study show that the implementation of educational interventions is a cost-effective strategy to reduce antibiotic prescription and dispensing among primary healthcare providers.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.