ReviewCancers2022
Pathophysiology of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Induced Myocarditis.
Review in Cancers, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Myocardial immune vulnerability unmasked after treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a case report.European heart journal. Case reports · 2026Article
- Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer.Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- Immune-Checkpoint-Inhibitor-Related Cardiovascular Toxicities in Cancer: A Mechanistic Review of Molecular Pathways with AI-Assisted Literature Clustering.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Preliminary exploration of the role of CD8Biomedical reports · 2026Article
- Evidence of Cardiotoxic Immune Activation by Triple Immune Checkpoint Blockade: A Translational Alert for Clinical Surveillance in Patients With Cancer.Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology · 2026Article
- Recent Advances in Understanding the Mechanisms of Therapy-Related Cardiovascular Events in Pediatric Hematologic Malignancies.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
- Unraveling Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Associated Cardiovascular Toxicities: Pathway Insights, Mechanisms, and Emerging Therapeutic Targets.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
- Advancing precision cardio-oncology: multimodal surveillance and stratified management of immunotherapy-induced cardiovascular toxicity.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
- Red cell distribution width: a novel and accessible predictor for immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated myocarditis-a retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Article
- Combining multi-omics analysis methods to identify biomarkers for mitophagy involved in immune checkpoint inhibitors-related myocarditis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Hydrophobic complementarity-determining region 3 (CDR3) sequences elucidate the cardiotoxic effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors.Research square · 2025Article
- How should immune checkpoint inhibitor myocarditis be treated?Cardio-oncology (London, England) · 2025Review
- Comparison of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor (ICI) Myocarditis and Non-ICI Myocarditis Using Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance: A Single-Centre Retrospective Observational Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Cardiotoxicity Induced by Anticancer Therapies: A Call for Integrated Cardio-Oncology Practice.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated myocarditis and pericarditis: a pharmacovigilance study based on the FAERS database.BMC cancer · 2025Article
- Article
- From Bench to Bedside: Translational Approaches to Cardiotoxicity in Breast Cancer, Lung Cancer, and Lymphoma Therapies.Cancers · 2025Review
- T cells in cardiac health and disease.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2025Review
- The role of immune checkpoints PD-1 and CTLA-4 in cardiovascular complications leading to heart failure.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Chemotherapy Related Cardiotoxicity Evaluation-A Contemporary Review with a Focus on Cardiac Imaging.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have recently emerged as strong therapies for a broad spectrum of cancers being the first-line treatment for many of them, even improving the prognosis of malignancies that were considered untreatable. This therapy is based on the administration of monoclonal antibodies targeting inhibitory T-cell receptors, which boost the immune system and prevent immune evasion. However, non-specific T-cell de-repression can result in a wide variety of immune-related adverse events (irAEs), including gastrointestinal, endocrine, and dermatologic, with a smaller proportion of these having the potential for fatal outcomes such as neurotoxicity, pulmonary toxicity, and cardiotoxicity. In recent years, alarm has been raised about cardiotoxicity as it has the highest mortality rate when myocarditis develops. However, due to the difficulty in diagnosing this cardiac condition and the lack of clinical guidelines for the management of cardiovascular disease in patients on therapy with ICIs, early detection of myocarditis has become a challenge in these patients. In this review we outline the mechanisms of tolerance by which this fatal cardiomyopathy may develop in selected cancer patients treated with ICIs, summarize preclinical models of the disease that will allow the development of more accurate strategies for its detection and treatment, and discuss the challenges in the future to decrease the risks of its development with better decision making in susceptible patients.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.