ReviewBiomolecules2022
Galectokines: The Promiscuous Relationship between Galectins and Cytokines.
Review in Biomolecules, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Role of Galectin-3 in Liver Inflammation and Fibrosis.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Review
- Development of Galectin-7-Specific Nanobodies: Implications for Immunotherapy and Molecular Imaging in Cancer.Journal of medicinal chemistry · 2025Article
- Galectin-8N-Selective 4-Halophenylphthalazinone-Galactals Double π-Stack in a Unique Pocket.ACS medicinal chemistry letters · 2024Article
- Pectin: Health-promoting properties as a natural galectin-3 inhibitor.Glycoconjugate journal · 2024Review
- Review
- Understanding the Role of Galectin-1 in Heart Failure: A Comprehensive Narrative Review.Current cardiology reviews · 2024Review
- Anchoring immunosuppression to inflamed tissue.Nature biomedical engineering · 2023Article
- Chemokine Heteromers and Their Impact on Cellular Function-A Conceptual Framework.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Immunomodulation exerted by galectins: a land of opportunity in rare cancers.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- A brief history of galectin evolution.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Review
- The interplay of galectins-1, -3, and -9 in the immune-inflammatory response underlying cardiovascular and metabolic disease.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2022Review
- Inhibition of galectins in cancer: Biological challenges for their clinical application.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Galectins, a family of glycan-binding proteins, are well-known for their role in shaping the immune microenvironment. They can directly affect the activity and survival of different immune cell subtypes. Recent evidence suggests that galectins also indirectly affect the immune response by binding to members of another immunoregulatory protein family, i.e., cytokines. Such galectin-cytokine heterodimers, here referred to as galectokines, add a new layer of complexity to the regulation of immune homeostasis. Here, we summarize the current knowledge with regard to galectokine formation and function. We describe the known and potential mechanisms by which galectokines can help to shape the immune microenvironment. Finally, the outstanding questions and challenges for future research regarding the role of galectokines in immunomodulation are discussed.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.