ArticleReproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E2022
The impact of different endometrial preparation protocols on obstetric and neonatal complications in frozen-thawed embryo transfer: a retrospective cohort study of 3,458 singleton deliveries.
Article in Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Global and regional incidence of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Obstetric and neonatal outcomes after natural versus artificial cycle frozen embryo transfer and the role of luteal phase support: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Human reproduction update · 2023Pooled it
- The influence of embryo stage on obstetric complications and perinatal outcomes following programmed compared to natural frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Pooled it
- Interaction between embryo transfer timing (D3/D4) and duration of progesterone exposure (P3/P4) on live birth rate in hormone replacement therapy cycles of frozen embryo transfer.Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E · 2025Article
- Ovulatory cycle frozen embryo transfer yields similar pregnancy outcomes to programmed transfer while avoiding painful injections.Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics · 2025Article
- Value analysis of serum β -HCG, AMH, and P/EPakistan journal of medical sciences · 2025Article
- Pathologic maternal and neonatal outcomes associated with programmed embryo transfer: potential etiologies and strategies for prevention.Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics · 2024Review
- Pathologic maternal and neonatal outcomes associated with programmed embryo transfer.Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics · 2024Review
- The impact of serum estradiol and progesterone levels during implantation on obstetrical complications and perinatal outcomes in frozen embryo transfer.Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA · 2024Article
- Comparison of clinical outcomes and perinatal outcomes between natural cycle and hormone replacement therapy of frozen-thawed embryo transfer in patients with regular menstruation: a propensity score-matched analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundFrozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET) is thought to be associated with obstetric and neonatal complications after in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic single sperm injection (IVF/ICSI) treatment. The study aimed to determine whether the endometrial preparation protocol is an influencing factor for these complications.
methodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study of 3,458 women who had singleton deliveries after IVF/ICSI-FET treatment at the Centre for Reproductive Medicine of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital between July 2016 and April 2021. The women were divided into three groups according to the endometrial preparation protocols: 2,029 women with programmed cycles, 959 with natural cycles, and 470 with minimal ovarian stimulation cycles. The primary outcomes were the incidence rates of obstetric and neonatal complications, namely, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP), placenta previa, preterm rupture of membranes (PROM), preterm delivery, postpartum haemorrhage, large for gestational age (LGA), small for gestational age (SGA), and macrosomia.
resultsAfter adjustments for confounding variables by multivariate logistic regression analysis, the results showed that programmed cycles had an increased risk of HDP (aOR = 1.743; 95% CI, 1.110-2.735; P = 0.016) and LGA (aOR = 1.269; 95% CI, 1.011-1.592; P = 0.040) compared with natural cycles. Moreover, programmed cycles also increased the risk of LGA (aOR = 1.459; 95% CI, 1.083-1.965; P = 0.013) but reduced the risk of SGA (aOR = 0.529; 95% CI, 0.348-0.805; P = 0.003) compared with minimal ovarian stimulation cycles. There were no significant differences between natural cycles and minimal ovarian stimulation cycles.
conclusionsDuring IVF/ICSI-FET treatment, the risk of HDP and LGA was increased in women with programmed cycles. Therefore, for patients with thin endometrium, irregular menstruation or no spontaneous ovulation, minimal ovarian stimulation cycles may be a relatively safer option than programmed cycles.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.