Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36138388›Full record

Trial reportBMC oral health2022

Pain perception following computer-controlled versus conventional dental anesthesia: randomized controlled trial.

Sameh Attia, Thomas Austermann, Andreas May, Mohamed Mekhemar, Jonas Conrad, Michael Knitschke, Sebastian Böttger, Hans-Peter Howaldt, Abanoub Riad

Registry-linked trialOpen access · goldAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in BMC oral health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06827223 (Comparative Evaluation of the Effect of Computer-controlled Starpen Automatic Injection Device Versus Traditional Syringe on Pain Perception During Nerve Block Anesthesia and Extraction of Mandibular Primary Molars), which is not on this map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
2.3field-weighted citation impact, top 12% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT06827223 nanot yet recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation

Comparative Evaluation of the Effect of Computer-controlled Starpen Automatic Injection Device Versus Traditional Syringe on Pain Perception During Nerve Block Anesthesia and Extraction of Mandibular Primary Molars: a Randomized Controlled Trial

TypeinterventionalSponsorCairo UniversityRan2025 to 2026Enrolled66ConditionsPain AssessmentArmscomputer-controlled Starpen Automatic Injection Device, Traditional Syringe
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Comparison of computer-controlled intraosseous anaesthesia and conventional anaesthesia in paediatric dentistry: a split-mouth randomised clinical trial.European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Sameh AttiaDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University, Klinikstrasse 33, 35392, Giessen, Germany. sameh.attia@dentist.med.uni-giessen.de.
Thomas AustermannDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University, Klinikstrasse 33, 35392, Giessen, Germany.
Andreas MayDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University, Klinikstrasse 33, 35392, Giessen, Germany.
Mohamed MekhemarClinic for Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Kiel University, Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, Haus B, 24105, Kiel, Germany.
Jonas ConradClinic for Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Kiel University, Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, Haus B, 24105, Kiel, Germany.
Michael KnitschkeDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University, Klinikstrasse 33, 35392, Giessen, Germany.
Sebastian BöttgerDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University, Klinikstrasse 33, 35392, Giessen, Germany.
Hans-Peter HowaldtDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University, Klinikstrasse 33, 35392, Giessen, Germany.
Abanoub RiadDepartment of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
University of Giessen · DEKiel University · DEMasaryk University · CZ

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe administration of local anesthesia (LA) in dental practice requires an injection which is the leading cause of patients' fear and anxiety. Computer-controlled local anesthetic injector, designed to reduce the pain of performing local anesthesia by controlling the speed of injection. This single-blind randomised control trial aimed to compare the pain perception after computer-controlled local anesthesia (CCLA) and conventional LA.

methodsDental students were both test and operator group versus an experienced dentist as additional operator of the LA. Data were collected regarding gender, age, medical condition, smoking habits. Additionally, operator feedback about the handling, pain at insertion and during infiltration, excitement (Dental Anxiety Scale), and complications were assessed.

resultsOut of the 60 included participants, the majority were females (n = 41; 68.3%), medically healthy (n = 54; 90%), and did not receive medications (n = 54; 90%). While the participating students administered 62 (51.7%) injections, the experienced dentist administered 58 (48.3%) injections. The difference in pain perception on puncture between CCLA and conventional injections was not statistically significant (Sig. = 0.285); however, pain perception during injection was significantly different (Sig. = 0.029) between CCLA (1.65 ± 1.93) and conventional injections (2.49 ± 2.31).

conclusionThe professional experience influenced the pain perception while applying the LA. CCLA did not reduce pain on puncture significantly; however, pain perception during the injection was significantly reduced in the case of using CCLA devices compared to the conventional syringe.

Indexed as

Anesthesia, DentalAnesthetics, LocalAnesthesia, LocalComputersFemaleHumansMalePainPain PerceptionSingle-Blind MethodAnesthetics, LocalComputed-controlled local anesthesiaDental anesthesiaDental educationLocal anesthesiaNerve blockPain perceptionRCTSplit-mouth

Identifiers

PMID36138388
PMCPMC9502910
OpenAlexW4296693143

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.