Observational studyBMC pregnancy and childbirth2022
Factors associated with duration of breastfeeding in women giving birth for the first time.
Observational study in BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Preterm Birth in Nulliparous Women: An Understudied Population at Great Risk
Pregnancy as a Window to Future Cardiovascular Health: Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes as Predictors of Increased Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Association between Neonatal Hypoglycemia and 30-Day Breastfeeding Outcomes among Gravidas with Type 2 Diabetes.American journal of perinatology · 2026Trial
- Severe Maternal Morbidity and Breastfeeding Among Nulliparous Individuals in the United States.Obstetrics and gynecology · 2026Article
- Workplace lactation support attenuates the association between early maternal return to work and preschool overweight/obesity in China.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Socio-Cultural Correlates of Breastfeeding Behavior Among Latina Mothers and Its Implications for Child Health.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Breastfeeding and Sociodemographic Determinants: Evidence from the "MAMI-MED" Cohort.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Breastfeeding practices and challenges in women with breast implants in Saudi Arabia: a descriptive study.Frontiers in global women's health · 2025Article
- Topical review: Lactation and use of DMTs in women with MS.Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) · 2024Review
- The Association of Longer Breastfeeding Duration and Socioeconomic, Pregnancy, Childbirth and Postpartum Characteristics.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Article
- Classifying early infant feeding status from clinical notes using natural language processing and machine learning.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Prevalence and determinants of termination of pregnancy among reproductive-age women who had a short preceding birth interval in Sub-Saharan Africa: a multilevel analysis.Frontiers in global women's health · 2024Article
- Impact of breastfeeding on risk of glucose intolerance in early postpartum after gestational diabetes.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- Clinical significance and main parameters promoting the breast‑feeding strategy (Review).Medicine internationalReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo examine maternal, psychosocial, and pregnancy factors associated with breastfeeding for at least 6 months in those giving birth for the first time.
methodsWe performed a planned secondary analysis of an observational cohort study of 5249 women giving birth for the first time. Women were contacted at least 6 months after delivery and provided information regarding breastfeeding initiation, duration, and exclusivity. Maternal demographics, psychosocial measures, and delivery methods were compared by breastfeeding groups.
results4712 (89.8%) of the women breastfed at some point, with 2739 (58.2%) breastfeeding for at least 6 months. Of those who breastfed, 1161 (24.7% of the entire cohort), breastfed exclusively for at least 6 months. In the multivariable model among those who ever breastfed, not smoking in the month prior to delivery (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.04, 95%CI 1.19-3.45), having a Master's degree of higher (aOR 1.89, 95%CI 1.51-2.36), having a planned pregnancy (aOR 1.48, 95%CI 1.27-1.73), older age (aOR 1.02, 95% CI, 1.01-1.04), lower BMI (aOR 0.96 95% CI 0.95-0.97), and having less anxiety measured during pregnancy (aOR 0.990, 95%CI 0.983-0.998) were associated with breastfeeding for at least 6 months. Compared to non-Hispanic White women, Hispanic women, while being more likely to breastfeed initially (aOR 1.40, 95%CI 1.02-1.92), were less likely to breastfeed for 6 months (aOR 0.72, 95%CI 0.59-0.88). While non-Hispanic Black women were less likely than non-Hispanic White women to initiate breastfeeding (aOR 0.68, 95%CI 0.51-0.90), the odds of non-Hispanic Black women of continuing to breastfeed for at least 6 months was similar to non-Hispanic White women (aOR 0.92, 95%CI 0.71-1.19).
conclusionsIn this cohort of women giving birth for the first time, duration of breastfeeding was associated with several characteristics which highlight groups at greater risk of not breastfeeding as long as currently recommended.
trial registrationNCT01322529 (nuMoM2b) and NCT02231398 (nuMoM2b-Heart Health).
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.