Observational studyJournal of general internal medicine2023
Diversity of Participation in Clinical Trials and Influencing Factors: Findings from the Health Information National Trends Survey 2020.
Observational study in Journal of general internal medicine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Community engagement, recruitment, and retention of minoritized participants in Alzheimer's disease and related dementia research: A systematic review of disparities.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Pooled it
- Impact of Financial Incentives on Electronic Health Record-Driven Recruitment of Underrepresented Communities in Research: Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Trial
- Article
- Drivers of Research Participation Among Racially and Ethnically Underrepresented Women: Insights from Semi-Structured Interviews.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Knowledgeable Language Models as Black-Box Optimizers for Personalized Medicine.... International Conference on Learning Representations · 2026Article
- A Multilateral Qualitative Study of Perspectives on Enhancing Clinical Trial Diversity Among Historically Underrepresented Groups.Clinical therapeutics · 2025Article
- Association of Community-Level Social Vulnerability With Clinical Trial Discussion and Participation Among Cancer Survivors.JCO oncology practice · 2025Article
- Misapplication of Race in Editorial Decisions: Navigating Ethical Dilemmas in Case Reporting.Journal of Brown hospital medicine · 2025Article
- Disparities in cancer clinical trials information-seeking: Findings from the National Cancer Institute's Cancer Information Service.Patient education and counseling · 2024Article
- More than Just a Number: Perspectives from Black Male Participants on Community-Based Interventions and Clinical Trials to Address Cardiovascular Health Disparities.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Article
- Racial and ethnic disparities in knowledge, attitudes, and invitation to participate in clinical trials among cancer survivors in the United States: An analysis of the 2020 U.S. HINTS.Preventive medicine reports · 2024Article
- Global hepatitis B and D community advisory board: expectations, challenges, and lessons learned.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Editorial: Special Issue on the Epidemiology of Human Papilloma Virus-Associated Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.Cancers · 2023Article
- Walker et al.: Diversity in Clinical Trials.Journal of general internal medicine · 2023Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundClinical trial diversity is critical to advance health and health equity. Research addressing the discrepancy between goals of achieving clinical trial diversity and realities of study enrollment remains underdeveloped.
objectiveThis study aims to examine the association between race/ethnicity and clinical trial invitation, participation, knowledge, and sources of influence on clinical trial participation. DESIGN AND
participantsA cross-sectional, observational study using nationally representative data from 3689 US adults (≥ 18 years of age) who responded to the Health Information National Trends Survey fielded from February 24 to June 15, 2020. MAIN MEASURES: Primary outcomes included clinical trial invitation, participation, knowledge, and sources of influence on participation. The independent variable of interest is self-reported race/ethnicity. KEY
resultsRespondents identifying as non-Hispanic Black (relative to non-Hispanic White) had higher odds of being invited into a clinical trial (adjusted odds ratio: 2.0, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.1, 3.7), but no differences in odds of participation were observed by race/ethnicity. Respondents from all races/ethnicities reported that personal healthcare providers were the most trusted source of clinical trial information. Hispanic (marginal effect (ME): - 0.09; 95% CI: - 0.16, - 0.03), non-Hispanic Black (ME: - 0.11; 95% CI: - 0.18, - 0.04), and non-Hispanic other (ME: - 0.11; 95% CI: - 0.19, - 0.02) respondents had lower odds than non-Hispanic White respondents of saying they would be influenced "a lot" by their doctor encouraging participation. Non-Hispanic Black respondents had significantly lower odds (relative to non-Hispanic White) of indicating family encouragement would influence their clinical trial participation decision "a lot" (ME: - 0.09; 95%: CI: - 0.14, - 0.03).
conclusionWhile personal healthcare providers were trusted sources of information, racial/ethnic minority populations noted lower odds of clinical trial participation influence from providers and family. Thus, it is imperative for the healthcare, government, and industry organizations to build trust in medicine and science.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.