Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36138083›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2022

Concept, hardware development, and clinical trials of a Galinstan based Mercury free sphygmomanometer: Merkfree.

Ravinder Kumar, Mohit Kumar, Gurpreet Singh Wander, Ashish Kumar Sahani

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Ravinder KumarDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Ropar, India. 2018bmz0007@iitrpr.ac.in.
Mohit KumarDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Ropar, India.
Gurpreet Singh WanderDayanand Medical College and Hospital (DMC&H), Ludhiana, India.
Ashish Kumar SahaniDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Ropar, India.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The aim of this work is to develop Merkfree-a mercury-free sphygmomanometer that looks, feels, and operates just like a traditional mercury sphygmomanometer (MS). For this we use Galinstan as a substitute for mercury, which is a non-toxic alloy of Gallium, Indium and Tin. Galinstan is nearly half as dense as mercury and sticks to class. To work with the lower density, we designed an enclosure and scale that is nearly double the length of MS. The issue of stickiness with glass was resolved by maintaining a small meniscus of a reducing agent in the measuring tube and tank of Merkfree. Clinical trials to validate the accuracy of Merkfree against MS and oscillometric sphygmomanometer (OS) were conducted over 252 patients. The results show a good correlation of the systolic and diastolic BP measurements from Merkfree with respect to MS and the OS. The mean absolute percentage error is less than 10% for both SBP and DBP. We also found that Merkfree has lower rounding-off errors compared to MS. Merkfree can be a viable alternative to mercury sphygmomanometer that can help achieve the goal of WHO in eliminating mercury from healthcare, while simultaneously making sure that gold standard technique of sphygmomanometry continues to be available to the clinicians.

Indexed as

GalliumHypertensionMercurySphygmomanometersAlloysBlood PressureBlood Pressure DeterminationHumansIndiumMetals, HeavyReducing AgentsReproducibility of ResultsTinAlloysgalinstanGalliumIndiumMercuryMetals, HeavyReducing AgentsTin

Identifiers

PMID36138083
PMCPMC9499926

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.