ArticleJCI insight2022
Cross-reactivity of SARS-CoV-2- and influenza A-specific T cells in individuals exposed to SARS-CoV-2.
Article in JCI insight, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Role of CD4 T Cell Repertoire and Immune Memory Mechanisms in Vaccination and Infection Immunity.Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- Cross-reactive tissue-resident memory T lymphocytes-concepts, evidence, and open questions.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- Article
- Immune Priming and the Risk of COVID-19, Influenza, and Other Acute Respiratory Infections: Insights From an N3C Cohort.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2026Article
- Proteome-wide curation of experimentally validated HPV T-cell epitopes identifies key gaps in our understanding of cellular immunity to HPV and informs vaccine design.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Influenza vaccination post-COVID-19 expands vaccine-specific effector CD4 T-cells and Tregs under positive influence of host trained innate immunity.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- HIV-1-specific CD8PNAS nexus · 2025Article
- Heterologous immunity and antibody-dependent enhancement in respiratory virus infections.Molecular biology reports · 2025Review
- Article
- Functionality of Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in a population of Beninese pregnant women exposed to malaria.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Outcomes of COVID-19 in the Omicron-predominant wave: large-scale real-world data analysis with a comparison to influenza.Pneumonia (Nathan Qld.) · 2025Article
- The Role of Memory T-Cell Mediated Immunity in Long-term COVID-19: Effects of Vaccination Status.Iranian journal of medical sciences · 2025Review
- The characteristics of TCR CDR3 repertoire in COVID-19 patients and SARS-CoV-2 vaccine recipients.Virulence · 2024Review
- Influenza Vaccination Mediates SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Peptide-Induced Inflammatory Response via Modification of Histone Acetylation.Vaccines · 2024Article
- Perturbations of the T-cell receptor repertoire in response to SARS-CoV-2 in immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2024Article
- The Influence of Cross-Reactive T Cells in COVID-19.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Article
- Diagnosing Viral Infections Through T-Cell Receptor Sequencing of Activated CD8+ T Cells.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2024Article
- In search of a pan-coronavirus vaccine: next-generation vaccine design and immune mechanisms.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2024Review
- Vaccine-induced CD8Nature immunology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Cross-reactive immunity between SARS-CoV-2 and other related coronaviruses has been well-documented, and it may play a role in preventing severe COVID-19. Epidemiological studies early in the pandemic showed a geographical association between high influenza vaccination rates and lower incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection. We, therefore, analyzed whether exposure to influenza A virus (IAV) antigens could influence the T cell repertoire in response to SARS-CoV-2, indicating a heterologous immune response between these 2 unrelated viruses. Using artificial antigen-presenting cells (aAPCs) combined with real-time reverse-transcription PCR (RT-qPCR), we developed a sensitive assay to quickly screen for antigen-specific T cell responses and detected a significant correlation between responses to SARS-CoV-2 epitopes and IAV dominant epitope (M158-66). Further analysis showed that some COVID-19 convalescent donors exhibited both T cell receptor (TCR) specificity and functional cytokine responses to multiple SARS-CoV-2 epitopes and M158-66. Utilizing an aAPC-based stimulation/expansion assay, we detected cross-reactive T cells with specificity to SARS-CoV-2 and IAV. In addition, TCR sequencing of the cross-reactive and IAV-specific T cells revealed similarities between the TCR repertoires of the two populations. These results indicate that heterologous immunity shaped by our exposure to other unrelated endemic viruses may affect our immune response to novel viruses such as SARS-CoV-2.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.