Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36133076›Full record

ArticlePatient preference and adherence2022

Qualitative Interviews to Support Development and Cognitive Debriefing of the Adelphi Adherence Questionnaire (ADAQ©): A Patient-Reported Measure of Medication Adherence Developed for Use in a Range of Diseases, Treatment Modalities, and Countries.

Sarah Bentley, Lucy Morgan, Elizabeth Exall, Rob Arbuckle, Rebecca C Rossom, Nicholas Roche, Kamlesh Khunti, Victoria Higgins, James Piercy

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Article in Patient preference and adherence, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Sarah BentleyPatient-Centered Outcomes, Adelphi Values, Bollington, Cheshire, UK.
Lucy MorganPatient-Centered Outcomes, Adelphi Values, Bollington, Cheshire, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-6679-454X
Elizabeth ExallPatient-Centered Outcomes, Adelphi Values, Bollington, Cheshire, UK.
Rob ArbucklePatient-Centered Outcomes, Adelphi Values, Bollington, Cheshire, UK.
Rebecca C RossomHealthPartners Institute, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Nicholas RocheRespiratory Medicine, Cochin Hospital, APHP Centre University Paris Cité, Institut Cochin (UMR1016), Paris, France.ORCID 0000-0002-3162-5033
Kamlesh KhuntiDiabetes Research Centre, Leicester University, Leicester, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-2343-7099
Victoria HigginsAdelphi Real World, Bollington, Cheshire, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-3901-7390
James PiercyAdelphi Real World, Bollington, Cheshire, UK.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Purpose: The Adelphi Adherence Questionnaire (ADAQ©) is a newly developed generic patient-reported outcome (PRO) assessment of medication adherence. The aim was to assess its content validity by conducting cognitive debriefing (CD) interviews with patients prescribed medication(s) of various treatment modalities in a range of therapy areas. Materials and Methods: Targeted literature/instrument review and concept elicitation interviews informed development of the ADAQ©. CD interviews were conducted with 57 adults from the United States of America (USA; n = 21), Spain (n = 18), and Germany (n = 18) who prescribed medication for hypertension, diabetes, depression, schizophrenia, asthma, multiple myeloma, psoriasis, and/or multiple sclerosis. Interviews were conducted in two rounds to explore the relevance and understanding of the item wording, instructions, recall period and response options. Verbatim transcripts were analysed in ATLAS.Ti using thematic analysis. Three expert clinicians provided guidance throughout the study. Results: ADAQ© items/instructions were well understood and relevant to participants. Key modifications following round 1 included revising instructions to refer to current medication(s) for one condition to reduce cognitive burden, removing two items with lower relevance (specifically those assessing running out of medication and social discouragement), and adding a response option for participants to indicate if they had stopped taking a medication. Minor wording modifications were made following round 2. Subgroup differences in item relevance were explored based on clinical characteristics. Cost of medication was more relevant amongst US participants. Conclusion: Content validity of the ADAQ© was confirmed in demographically and clinically diverse participants. Psychometric properties of the ADAQ© will be explored in future studies.

Indexed as

adherencecognitive debriefingpatient-reported outcome developmentqualitative research

Identifiers

PMID36133076
PMCPMC9484566

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.