ReviewNanoscale advances2021
Inhaled antibiotic-loaded polymeric nanoparticles for the management of lower respiratory tract infections.
Review in Nanoscale advances, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pulmonary Drug Delivery in the Era of Nanomedicine: From Biological Barriers to Artificial Intelligence-Driven Optimization.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Article
- Nanoparticle carriers in the treatment of intracellular bacterial infections: Current approaches and challenges.International journal of pharmaceutics: X · 2026Review
- Inhalable Nanosystems for Bacterial Respiratory Infections: Addressing Pulmonary Barriers and Biofilm-Associated Challenges.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Innovative Microencapsulation of Polymyxin B for Enhanced Antimicrobial Efficacy via Coated Spray Drying.Molecular pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- Target, Treat, and Track: Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (SPION) Driven Theranostic Delivery of Antimicrobials to the Lungs.Nanotechnology, science and applications · 2025Review
- Dry powder inhaler design and particle technology in enhancing Pulmonary drug deposition: challenges and future strategies.Daru : journal of Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences · 2024Review
- The Emergence Potential ofArchives of Razi Institute · 2024Review
- Nanomaterials-assisted gene editing and synthetic biology for optimizing the treatment of pulmonary diseases.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2024Review
- State-of-the-Art Review on Inhalable Lipid and Polymer Nanocarriers: Design and Development Perspectives.Pharmaceutics · 2024Review
- Lipid polymer hybrid nanoparticles against lung cancer and their application as inhalable formulation.Nanomedicine (London, England) · 2024Review
- Article
- Aerosol Inhalation Delivery of Ag Nanoparticles in Mice: Pharmacokinetics and Antibacterial Action.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- How Combined Macrolide Nanomaterials are Effective Against Resistant Pathogens? A Comprehensive Review of the Literature.International journal of nanomedicine · 2023Review
- Stability of Inhaled Ciprofloxacin-Loaded Poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) Nanoparticle Dry Powder Inhaler Formulation in High Stressed Conditions.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Aerosol Inhalation Delivery of Ceftriaxone in Mice: Generation Procedure, Pharmacokinetics, and Therapeutic Outcome.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Polymeric Microparticles: Synthesis, Characterization and In Vitro Evaluation for Pulmonary Delivery of Rifampicin.Polymers · 2022Article
- Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) are one of the leading causes of deaths in the world. Currently available treatment for this disease is with high doses of antibiotics which need to be administered frequently. Instead, pulmonary delivery of drugs has been considered as one of the most efficient routes of drug delivery to the targeted areas as it provides rapid onset of action, direct deposition of drugs into the lungs, and better therapeutic effects at low doses and is self-administrable by the patients. Thus, there is a need for scientists to design more convenient pulmonary drug delivery systems towards the innovation of a novel treatment system for LRTIs. Drug-encapsulating polymer nanoparticles have been investigated for lung delivery which could significantly reduce the limitations of the currently available treatment system for LRTIs. However, the selection of an appropriate polymer carrier for the drugs is a critical issue for the successful formulations of inhalable nanoparticles. In this review, the current understanding of LRTIs, management systems for this disease and their limitations, pulmonary drug delivery systems and the challenges of drug delivery through the pulmonary route are discussed. Drug-encapsulating polymer nanoparticles for lung delivery, antibiotics used in pulmonary delivery and drug encapsulation techniques have also been reviewed. A strong emphasis is placed on the impact of drug delivery into the infected lungs.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.