ReviewAngewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)2023
The Story of the Little Blue Box: A Tribute to Siegfried Hünig.
Review in Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed.
- Programmable Leaving Group Controlled Skeletal Editing of Pyrroles into Pyridines via Sulfenylcarbenes.ACS organic & inorganic Au · 2026Article
- A Deep-Red Emissive Cage-in-Rings Complex for Lysosome Imaging.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2026Article
- Designing Tailored Molecular Cavities Using Calix[5]arenes as Building Blocks.Chemical record (New York, N.Y.) · 2026Article
- Review
- Enhanced Quenching in an Azaphthalocyanine-Ferrocene Supramolecular Dyad upon Charge-Transfer Complex Formation.Inorganic chemistry · 2025Article
- Tetraimidazolium macrocycle: a versatile building block and precursor for box-type coordination cages.RSC advances · 2025Article
- Modulating the Dimensions of Rectangular Hydrazone-Based Bispyridinium Macrocyclic Receptors.The Journal of organic chemistry · 2025Article
- Multi-State Redox and Light-Driven Switching of Pseudorotaxanation and Cation Shuttling.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2025Article
- A 2,6-diamidopyridine-based macrocyclic aromatic amide receptor with cascade ion pair recognition.RSC advances · 2025Article
- Mix and Match Tuning of the Conformational and Multistate Redox Switching Properties of an Overcrowded Alkene.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2024Article
- Switchable molecular tweezers: design and applications.Beilstein journal of organic chemistry · 2024Review
- Artificial molecular machines: Design and observation.Smart molecules : open access · 2023Review
- Mechanistic studies of isomeric [2]rotaxanes consisting of two different tetrathiafulvalene units reveal that the movement of cyclobis(paraquat-Chemical science · 2023Article
- Bismacrocycle: Structures and Applications.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Supramolecular photosensitizers using extended macrocyclic hosts for photodynamic therapy with distinct cellular delivery.Chemical science · 2023Article
- Recognition Site Modifiable Macrocycle: Synthesis, Functional Group Variation and Structural Inspection.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- The Story of the Little Blue Box: A Tribute to Siegfried Hünig.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The tetracationic cyclophane, cyclobis(paraquat-p-phenylene), also known as the little blue box, constitutes a modular receptor that has facilitated the discovery of many host-guest complexes and mechanically interlocked molecules during the past 35 years. Its versatility in binding small π-donors in its tetracationic state, as well as forming trisradical tricationic complexes with viologen radical cations in its doubly reduced bisradical dicationic state, renders it valuable for the construction of various stimuli-responsive materials. Since the first reports in 1988, the little blue box has been featured in over 500 publications in the literature. All this research activity would not have been possible without the seminal contributions carried out by Siegfried Hünig, who not only pioneered the syntheses of viologen-containing cyclophanes, but also revealed their rich redox chemistry in addition to their ability to undergo intramolecular π-dimerization. This Review describes how his pioneering research led to the design and synthesis of the little blue box, and how this redox-active host evolved into the key component of molecular shuttles, switches, and machines.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.