Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36130782›Full record

ArticleBMJ (Clinical research ed.)2022

Modifiable risk factors and long term risk of type 2 diabetes among individuals with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus: prospective cohort study.

Jiaxi Yang, Frank Qian, Jorge E Chavarro, Sylvia H Ley, Deirdre K Tobias, Edwina Yeung, Stefanie N Hinkle, Wei Bao, Mengying Li, Aiyi Liu and 5 more

Registry-linked trialOpen access · hybridAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06195566 (Physics Informed Machine Learning-based Prediction and Reversion of Impaired Fasting Glucose Management), which is not on this map. Cited by 36 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
36citing papers in PubMed
10.2field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT06195566 completednot on this mapstarted 2024, after this paper: background citation

Physics Informed Machine Learning-based Prediction and Reversion of Impaired Fasting Glucose Management

TypeobservationalSponsorJelizaveta SokolovskaRan2024 to 2025Enrolled77ConditionsPrediabetic State, Body Weight, Overweight or Obesity, Life Style, Healthy
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

36 citing papers in PubMed, 58 citations in OpenAlex.

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  8. Exploring the Role of Kisspeptin in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Its Associated Pregnancy Complications.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors at 7 institutions in 3 countries.

Jiaxi YangGlobal Centre for Asian Women's Health, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
Frank QianDepartment of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Jorge E ChavarroDepartment of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Sylvia H LeyDepartment of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.
Deirdre K TobiasDepartment of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Edwina YeungEpidemiology Branch, Division of Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA.
Stefanie N HinkleDepartment of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Wei BaoDivision of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
Mengying LiEpidemiology Branch, Division of Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA.
Aiyi LiuBiostatistics & Bioinformatics Branch, Division of Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA.
James L MillsEpidemiology Branch, Division of Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA.
Qi SunDepartment of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Walter C WillettDepartment of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Frank B HuDepartment of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Cuilin ZhangGlobal Centre for Asian Women's Health, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore obgzc@nus.edu.sg.ORCID 0000-0002-8014-2708
Brigham and Women's Hospital · USNational Institutes of Health · USBeth Israel Deaconess Medical Center · USHarvard University · USTulane University · USUniversity of Pennsylvania · USUniversity of Science and Technology of China · CN

Funding

Tracking & Evaluation CoreU54GM104940 · NIGMS · LSU PENNINGTON BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH CTR · PI JUDD E SHELLITO · 2012 to 2026
$69.1M
Tulane COBRE in Cardiometabolic Diseases Clinical Research CoreP20GM109036 · NIGMS · TULANE UNIVERSITY OF LOUISIANA · PI Ning Liu · 2016 to 2026
$25.3M
NIGMS NIH HHS P20 GM109036NIGMS NIH HHS U54 GM104940
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesTo evaluate the individual and combined associations of five modifiable risk factors with risk of type 2 diabetes among women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus and examine whether these associations differ by obesity and genetic predisposition to type 2 diabetes.

designProspective cohort study.

settingNurses' Health Study II, US.

participants4275 women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus, with repeated measurements of weight and lifestyle factors and followed up between 1991 and 2009.

main outcome measureSelf-reported, clinically diagnosed type 2 diabetes. Five modifiable risk factors were assessed, including not being overweight or obese (body mass index <25.0), high quality diet (top two fifthsof the modified Alternate Healthy Eating Index), regular exercise (≥150 min/week of moderate intensity or ≥75 min/week of vigorous intensity), moderate alcohol consumption (5.0-14.9 g/day), and no current smoking. Genetic susceptibility for type 2 diabetes was characterised by a genetic risk score based on 59 single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with type 2 diabetes in a subset of participants (n=1372).

resultsOver a median 27.9 years of follow-up, 924 women developed type 2 diabetes. Compared with participants who did not have optimal levels of any of the risk factors for the development of type 2 diabetes, those who had optimal levels of all five factors had >90% lower risk of the disorder. Hazard ratios of type 2 diabetes for those with one, two, three, four, and five optimal levels of modifiable factors compared with none was 0.94 (95% confidence interval 0.59 to 1.49), 0.61 (0.38 to 0.96), 0.32 (0.20 to 0.51), 0.15 (0.09 to 0.26), and 0.08 (0.03 to 0.23), respectively (P

conclusionsAmong women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus, each additional optimal modifiable factor was associated with an incrementally lower risk of type 2 diabetes. These associations were seen even among individuals who were overweight/obese or were at greater genetic susceptibility.

Indexed as

Diabetes, GestationalDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Body Mass IndexFemaleGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseHumansObesityOverweightPregnancyProspective StudiesRisk Factors

Identifiers

PMID36130782
PMCPMC9490550
OpenAlexW4296808642

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.