Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36129608›Full record

ArticleJournal of racial and ethnic health disparities2023

Increased Self-Reported Mental Health Problems Among Asian-Americans During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the United States: Evidence from a Nationally Representative Database.

Jusung Lee, Jeffrey T Howard

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed
5.8field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Jusung LeeDepartment of Public Health, College for Health, Community and Policy, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA. jusung.lee@utsa.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-9099-3899
Jeffrey T HowardDepartment of Public Health, College for Health, Community and Policy, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
The University of Texas at San Antonio · USThe University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundTo investigate changes in mental health outcomes among racial groups between 2019 and 2020.

methodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted using the third through fourth quarters of 2019-2020 longitudinal data from the National Health Interview Survey. Self-reports of diagnosed depression and anxiety disorder were key outcomes. We calculated the percentage of depression and anxiety disorder across baseline sample characteristics. Discrete-time hazard models stratified by race/ethnicity were conducted, with hazard ratios (HRs), 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and p-values reported.

resultsOf a total 10,415 individuals, 16.3 and 14.1% reported that they were diagnosed with depression and anxiety disorder in 2019, respectively. In the multivariable model, only Asian-Americans experienced a significant increase in the probability of receiving a diagnosis of depression by 104% between 2019 and 2020 (HR 2.04, 95%CI 1.19-3.52; p = 0.010). Also, Asian-Americans had a 97% (HR 1.97, 95%CI 1.23-3.15; p = 0.005) greater probability of being diagnosed with anxiety disorder in 2020 than in the previous year, while Hispanics and Whites had a relatively moderate increase of 40% (HR 1.40, 95%CI 1.01-1.76; p = 0.040) and 11% (HR 1.11, 95%CI 1.03-1.20; p = 0.007), respectively.

conclusionsAsian-Americans experienced a disproportionate increase in mental health conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic. Discriminatory behaviors against Asian-Americans may be important contributors. The study findings suggest the need for serious actions to address this issue.

Indexed as

COVID-19HumansMental HealthPandemicsRetrospective StudiesSelf ReportUnited StatesAnxietyAsian-AmericansCOVID-19DepressionDiscrimination

Identifiers

PMID36129608
PMCPMC9491255
OpenAlexW4297876455

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.