ArticleFrontiers in neuroendocrinology2022
Hormone-based models for comparing menstrual cycle and hormonal contraceptive effects on human resting-state functional connectivity.
Article in Frontiers in neuroendocrinology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of Oral Contraceptive Pills on Brain Networks: A Conceptual Replication and Extension.Human brain mapping · 2025Trial
- Triple network model of brain connectivity changes related to adverse mood effects in an oral contraceptive placebo-controlled trial.Translational psychiatry · 2023Trial
- Effects of exogenous oxytocin and estradiol on resting-state functional connectivity in women and men.Scientific reports · 2023Trial
- Menstrual Cycle and Hormonal Contraceptives in Female Athletes: Should Symptoms and Nutrition Matter More than Cycle Phase? A Narrative Review.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Lasting effects of oral contraceptives on fear responses to a safe context.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Inter- and intra-individual differences in brain sex map to neuroendocrine profiles.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Can reporting mood swings during oral contraceptive use predict peripartum depression? Results from the Swedish longitudinal cohort study Mom2B.European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists · 2025Article
- Idiosyncrasy and generalizability of contraceptive- and hormone-related functional connectomes across the menstrual cycle.Network neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2025Article
- Towards a more comprehensive neuroscience of hormonal contraceptives.Nature neuroscience · 2023Article
- Hormonal contraceptive exposure relates to changes in resting state functional connectivity of anterior cingulate cortex and amygdala.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- Hormonal contraception and risk for cognitive impairment or Alzheimer's disease and related dementias in young women: a scoping review of the evidence.Frontiers in global women's health · 2023Article
- Morphologic alterations of the fear circuitry: the role of sex hormones and oral contraceptives.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Oral contraceptives (OCs) are widely used yet understudied given their potential for public health consequences. Emerging investigations scaling from single-subject, dense-sampling neuroimaging studies to population-level metrics have linked OCs to altered brain structure and function. Modeling the hypogonadal, hypergonadal, or mixed state effects of OCs in terms of their impact on hormone action in the brain is a valuable approach to synthesizing results across neuroimaging studies and comparing OC effects to companion findings from research on menstrual cycle phase effects on brain anatomy and function. Resting-state functional connectivity studies provide a powerful tool to evaluate the role of OCs on the intrinsic network connectivity that underlies multiple behavioral domains. The preponderance (but not consensus) of the current literature indicates that (1) as the menstrual cycle proceeds from a low to high progesterone state, prefrontal connectivity increases and parietal connectivity decreases; (2) OCs tend to mimic this connectivity pattern; therefore (3) OCs may produce a hyperprogestogenic state in the brain, in spite of overall reductions in endogenous steroid hormone levels. Alternative models are also considered.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.