ArticleJournal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine2023
Three-dimensional orthodontic imaging in children across the age spectrum and correlations with obstructive sleep apnea.
Article in Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- Two-dimensional facial photography for assessment of craniofacial morphology in sleep breathing disorders: a systematic review.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2024Pooled it
- Non-invasive ventilation treatment and craniofacial growth in children: A scoping review.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2026Article
- Craniofacial anatomical determinants of pediatric sleep-disordered breathing: A comprehensive review.Journal of prosthodontics : official journal of the American College of Prosthodontists · 2025Review
- Predicting obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome using three-dimensional optical devices: A systematic review.Digital healthReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
STUDY
objectivesTo determine baseline facial convexity measurements in children with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) across the age spectrum.
methodsPolysomnogram, stereophotogrammetry, and biometric data were collected from children aged 0-18 years who were being investigated for OSA. Analyses evaluated differences in facial convexity according to OSA severity and other sleep parameters, while adjusting for age, ethnicity, and sex.
resultsNinety-one children, aged 0.05-16.02 years, met the inclusion criteria for this study. Initial analysis showed that the logarithm of age had a significant effect on facial convexity (
conclusionsUsing three-dimensional imaging, we found an added impact of infancy on changes of facial convexity with age. While modeling could describe facial convexity without any OSA-associated sleep parameters, differences in facial convexity were present among groups with different levels of OSA severity adjusted for growth (age, weight, and height), sex, and ethnicity. The method provides a safer and cheaper alternative to other medical imaging techniques in children and holds potential for future use in studies of craniofacial structure. CITATION: Tyler G, Machaalani R, Waters KA. Three-dimensional orthodontic imaging in children across the age spectrum and correlations with obstructive sleep apnea.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.