ArticleBMC ophthalmology2022
Clinical characteristics of glaucoma patients with various risk factors.
Article in BMC ophthalmology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Schlemm's Canal Development and Implications for Glaucoma Treatment.Annual review of vision science · 2026Review
- Sociodemographic and Clinical Determinants of Glaucoma in a Sub-Saharan African Population: A Case-Control Study.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Effects of a Red-Ginger-Based Multi-Nutrient Supplement on Optic Nerve Head Blood Flow in Open-Angle Glaucoma.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Awareness and knowledge of cataract, glaucoma and diabetic retinopathy among outpatients in a Nigerian tertiary hospital: a cross-sectional study.BMJ public health · 2026Article
- Extracellular Vesicles and Glaucoma: Opportunities and Challenges.Current eye research · 2025Review
- Illness uncertainty, anxiety, and depression in primary glaucoma and associated influencing factors.World journal of psychiatry · 2025Article
- Diet, Exercise, and Lifestyle in Glaucoma: Current Evidence and Future Perspectives.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Changes in the Protein Composition of the Aqueous Humor in Patients with Glaucoma: An Update Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- A hybrid multi model artificial intelligence approach for glaucoma screening using fundus images.NPJ digital medicine · 2025Article
- Determinants of blindness from glaucoma among patients receiving treatment: a retrospective cohort study in Enugu, Nigeria.BMC ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Metabolomic Profiling of Open-Angle Glaucoma Etiologic Endotypes: Tohoku Multi-Omics Glaucoma Study.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2024Article
- Glaucoma Surgery and Ocular Blood Flow in Colour Doppler Imaging: Is There a Link?Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2024Review
- Factors Associated With Visual Acuity Decline in Glaucoma Patients With Loss of Ganglion Cell Complex Thickness.Translational vision science & technology · 2023Article
- A multiethnic genome-wide analysis of 19,420 individuals identifies novel loci associated with axial length and shared genetic influences with refractive error and myopia.Frontiers in genetics · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundGlaucoma is multifactorial, but the interrelationship between risk factors and structural changes remains unclear. Here, we adjusted for confounding factors in glaucoma patients with differing risk factors, and compared differences in structure and susceptible areas in the optic disc and macula.
methodsIn 458 eyes with glaucoma, we determined confounding factors for intraocular pressure (IOP), central corneal thickness (CCT), axial length (AL), LSFG-measured ocular blood flow (OBF), which was assessed with laser speckle flowgraphy-measured mean blur rate in the tissue area (MT) of the optic nerve head, biological antioxidant potential (BAP), and systemic abnormalities in diastolic blood pressure (dBP). To compensate for measurement bias, we also analyzed corrected IOP (cIOP; corrected for CCT) and corrected MT (cMT; corrected for age, weighted retinal ganglion cell count, and AL). Then, we determined the distribution of these parameters in low-, middle-, and high-value subgroups and compared them with the Kruskal-Wallis test. Pairwise comparisons used the Steel-Dwass test.
resultsThe high-cIOP subgroup had significantly worse mean deviation (MD), temporal, superior, and inferior loss of circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (cpRNFLT), and large cupping. The low-CCT subgroup had temporal cpRNFLT loss; the high-CCT subgroup had low cup volume. The high-AL subgroup had macular ganglion cell complex thickness (GCCT) loss; the low-AL subgroup had temporal cpRNFLT loss. The high-systemic-dBP subgroup had worse MD, total, superior, and inferior cpRNFLT loss and macular GCCT loss. The low-BAP subgroup had more male patients, higher dBP, and cpRNFLT loss in the 10 o'clock area. The high-OBF subgroup had higher total, superior and temporal cpRNFLT and macular GCCT.
conclusionsStructural changes and local susceptibility to glaucomatous damage show unique variations in patients with different risk factors, which might suggest that specific risk factors induce specific types of pathogenesis and corresponding glaucoma phenotypes. Our study may open new avenues for the development of precision medicine for glaucoma.
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