ArticleThe journal of pain2023
Cannabidiol and Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Interactions in Male and Female Rats With Persistent Inflammatory Pain.
Article in The journal of pain, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cannabigerol and standardized full-spectrum cannabis extract effects in acute and chronic inflammatory pain models.Psychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Glucocorticoid-endocannabinoid crosstalk in the ventrolateral periaqueductal gray (vlPAG) promotes pain resolution.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Repeated Tetrahydrocannabinol Injections Induce Tolerance but Do Not Disrupt Ongoing Behaviour Upon Withdrawal in Male and Female Rats With Inflammatory Pain.European journal of pain (London, England) · 2026Article
- Glucocorticoid-endocannabinoid crosstalk in the ventrolateral periaqueductal gray (vlPAG) promotes pain resolution.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Effects of Cannabidiol on Behavior and Oxidative Stress in a Rat Model of Depression Under Chronic Stress.Journal of xenobiotics · 2026Article
- Cannabidiol dose modulates behavioral response to acute and repeated administration of Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol by strain and sex.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Cannabidiol reduces oxycodone self-administration while preserving its analgesic efficacy in a rat model of neuropathic pain.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Chronic inflammatory pain and chronic THC vapor inhalation alter midbrain neuronal activity.Journal of neurophysiology · 2025Article
- Article
- THC Vapor Inhalation Attenuates Hyperalgesia in Rats Using a Chronic Inflammatory Pain Model.The journal of pain · 2024Article
- Evidence of Cannabidiol Effectiveness Associated or Not with Tetrahydrocannabinol in Topical Administration: A Scope Review.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Cannabidiol and Tetrahydrocannabinol Antinociceptive Activity is Mediated by Distinct Receptors in Caenorhabditis elegans.Neurochemical research · 2024Article
- Assessment of the effects of cannabidiol and a CBD-rich hemp extract inFrontiers in toxicology · 2024Article
- Non-Psychoactive Cannabinoid Modulation of Nociception and Inflammation Associated with a Rat Model of Pulpitis.Biomolecules · 2023Article
- Anti-oxidant effects of cannabidiol relevant to intracerebral hemorrhage.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Review
- Targeting Phantom Limb Pain with Cannabinoids in a Rat Model.Medical cannabis and cannabinoidsArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Cannabidiol (CBD) and delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), 2 of the primary constituents of cannabis, are used by some individuals to self-treat chronic pain. It is unclear whether the pain-relieving effects of CBD alone and in combination with THC are consistent across genders and among types of pain. The present study compared the effects of CBD and THC given alone and in combination in male and female rats with Complete Freund's adjuvant-induced inflammatory pain. After induction of hindpaw inflammation, vehicle, CBD (0.05-2.5 mg/kg), THC (0.05-2.0 mg/kg), or a CBD:THC combination (3:1, 1:1, or 1:3 dose ratio) was administered i.p. twice daily for 3 days. Then on day 4, mechanical allodynia, thermal hyperalgesia, weight-bearing, and locomotor activity were assessed 0.5 to 4 hours after administration of the same dose combination. Hindpaw edema and open field (anxiety-like) behaviors were measured thereafter. THC alone was anti-allodynic and anti-hyperalgesic, and decreased paw thickness, locomotion, and open field behaviors. CBD alone was anti-allodynic and anti-hyperalgesic. When combined with THC, CBD tended to decrease THC effects on pain-related behaviors and exacerbate THC-induced anxiety-like behaviors, particularly in females. These results suggest that at the doses tested, CBD-THC combinations may be less beneficial than THC alone for the treatment of chronic inflammatory pain. PERSPECTIVE: The present study compared CBD and THC effects alone and in combination in male and female rats with persistent inflammatory pain. This study could help clinicians who prescribe cannabis-based medicines for inflammatory pain conditions determine which cannabis constituents may be most beneficial.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.