Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36117209›Full record

ArticleMolecular psychiatry2023

Genetic aetiologies for childhood speech disorder: novel pathways co-expressed during brain development.

Antony Kaspi, Michael S Hildebrand, Victoria E Jackson, Ruth Braden, Olivia van Reyk, Tegan Howell, Simone Debono, Mariana Lauretta, Lottie Morison, Matthew J Coleman and 20 more

Erratum issuedOpen access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Molecular psychiatry, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 36 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
36citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
8.5field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

36 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 34 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Childhood motor speech disorders: who to prioritise for genetic testing.European journal of human genetics : EJHG · 2026
    Article
  5. Rare heterozygous de novo variants in RAPGEF2 are associated with a neurodevelopmental disorder.Genetics in medicine : official journal of the American College of Medical Genetics · 2026
    Article
  6. Behavioral and Prefrontal Circuit Deficits in a Newly DevelopedBiological psychiatry global open science · 2026
    Article
  7. Interventions for childhood apraxia of speech.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2026
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Translating the Power of Precision Medicine Into the World of Communication Disorders.Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR · 2025
    Review
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Monogenic disorders associated with motor speech phenotypes in children and adolescents undergoing clinical exome sequencing.Genetics in medicine : official journal of the American College of Medical Genetics · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

30 authors at 11 institutions in 2 countries.

Antony Kaspi *Population Health and Immunity Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.
Michael S HildebrandFaculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-2739-0515
Victoria E JacksonPopulation Health and Immunity Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-9758-9784
Ruth BradenMurdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.
Olivia van ReykMurdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.
Tegan HowellMurdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.
Simone DebonoMurdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.
Mariana LaurettaMurdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.
Lottie MorisonMurdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.
Matthew J ColemanFaculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.
Richard WebsterNeurology Department, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia.
David ComanQueensland Children's Hospital, South Brisbane, QLD, 4101, Australia.
Himanshu GoelHunter Genetics, John Hunter Hospital, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia.
Mathew WallisSchool of Medicine and Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia.
Gabriel DabscheckFaculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.
Lilian DownieFaculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.
Emma K BakerFaculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.
Bronwyn Parry-FielderRoyal Children's Hospital, Flemington, Parkville, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Kirrie BallardUniversity of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia.
Eva HarroldMurdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.
Shaun ZiegenfuszGriffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia.
Mark F BennettPopulation Health and Immunity Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-3561-6804
Erandee RobertsonPopulation Health and Immunity Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.
Longfei WangPopulation Health and Immunity Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-5143-4146
Amber BoysVictorian Clinical Genetics Services, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
Simon E FisherLanguage and Genetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, 6525 XD, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-3132-1996
David J AmorFaculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.ORCID 0000-0001-7191-8511
Ingrid E SchefferFaculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-2311-2174
Melanie BahloPopulation Health and Immunity Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.ORCID 0000-0001-5132-0774
Angela T Morgan *Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia. angela.morgan@mcri.edu.au.ORCID 0000-0003-1147-7405
The University of Melbourne · AUMurdoch Children's Research Institute · AURoyal Children's Hospital · AUChildren's Hospital at Westmead · AUGriffith University · AUJohn Hunter Hospital · AURadboud University Nijmegen · NLThe University of Queensland · AUThe University of Sydney · AUUniversity of Tasmania · AUVictorian Clinical Genetics Services · AU

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Childhood apraxia of speech (CAS), the prototypic severe childhood speech disorder, is characterized by motor programming and planning deficits. Genetic factors make substantive contributions to CAS aetiology, with a monogenic pathogenic variant identified in a third of cases, implicating around 20 single genes to date. Here we aimed to identify molecular causation in 70 unrelated probands ascertained with CAS. We performed trio genome sequencing. Our bioinformatic analysis examined single nucleotide, indel, copy number, structural and short tandem repeat variants. We prioritised appropriate variants arising de novo or inherited that were expected to be damaging based on in silico predictions. We identified high confidence variants in 18/70 (26%) probands, almost doubling the current number of candidate genes for CAS. Three of the 18 variants affected SETBP1, SETD1A and DDX3X, thus confirming their roles in CAS, while the remaining 15 occurred in genes not previously associated with this disorder. Fifteen variants arose de novo and three were inherited. We provide further novel insights into the biology of child speech disorder, highlighting the roles of chromatin organization and gene regulation in CAS, and confirm that genes involved in CAS are co-expressed during brain development. Our findings confirm a diagnostic yield comparable to, or even higher, than other neurodevelopmental disorders with substantial de novo variant burden. Data also support the increasingly recognised overlaps between genes conferring risk for a range of neurodevelopmental disorders. Understanding the aetiological basis of CAS is critical to end the diagnostic odyssey and ensure affected individuals are poised for precision medicine trials.

Indexed as

ApraxiasSpeech DisordersBrainCausalityChildChromosome MappingHistone-Lysine N-MethyltransferaseHumansHistone-Lysine N-MethyltransferaseSetd1A protein, human

Identifiers

PMID36117209
PMCPMC10208970
OpenAlexW4296215839

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.