ArticleInflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.]2022
Synergistic anti-inflammatory effect of gut microbiota and lithocholic acid on liver fibrosis.
Article in Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.], 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Bile Acid Signaling Axis: Deciphering the Roles of FXR and TGR5 in Hepatic Steatosis, Fibrosis, and Cancer.Pharmacology research & perspectives · 2026Review
- Gut Commensal Bacteria Ameliorate Liver Fibrosis by Inhibiting Macrophage M1 Polarization Through Secondary Bile Acids in a Murine Liver Fibrosis Model.Microorganisms · 2026Article
- A functional genomics-pharmacotranscriptomics framework identifies host-directed anti-influenza agents.iScience · 2026Article
- Microbiomics: Novel Biomarkers of Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis and Prognosis.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Strategies to promote liver fibrosis amelioration with involvement of restorative macrophages.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Regulation of bile acids homeostasis: a feasible and versatile way to treat or diagnose liver disorders.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
- The role of bile acid-activated receptor TGR5 in inflammation and liver diseases.Frontiers in physiology · 2026Review
- Lithocholic Acid Species: Metabolism, Signaling Pathways, and Clinical Significance in Enterohepatic Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Interplay between the gut microbiota, its metabolites and carcinogens.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2025Review
- Emerging role of bile acids in colorectal liver metastasis: From molecular mechanism to clinical significance (Review).International journal of oncology · 2025Review
- Goose Deoxycholic Acid Ameliorates Liver Injury in Laying Hens with Fatty Liver Hemorrhage Syndrome by Inhibiting the Inflammatory Response.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Potential mechanisms of natural metabolites and botanical drugs foumulae for the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: targeting the gut microbiota to modulate the immune system.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Microbial metabolites and their influence on the tumor microenvironment.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Bile acids in follicular fluid: potential new therapeutic targets and predictive markers for women with diminished ovarian reserve.Journal of ovarian research · 2024Article
- A Dual Action Platinum(IV) Complex with Self-assembly Property Inhibits Prostate Cancer through Mitochondrial Stress Pathway.ChemMedChem · 2024Article
- Gut microbiota depletion and FXR inhibition exacerbates zonal hepatotoxicity of sunitinib.Theranostics · 2024Article
- Research Progress Regarding the Effect and Mechanism of Dietary Polyphenols in Liver Fibrosis.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Gut microbiota and tumor-associated macrophages: potential in tumor diagnosis and treatment.Gut microbes · 2023Review
- The Role of Gut Microbiota-Derived Lithocholic Acid, Deoxycholic Acid and Their Derivatives on the Function and Differentiation of Immune Cells.Microorganisms · 2023Review
- Research Progress of Takeda G Protein-Coupled Receptor 5 in Metabolic Syndrome.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundBile acids can regulate liver disease progression by affecting the functions of gut microbiota and immune cells. As the most potent natural agonist of G-protein coupled bile acid receptor 5 (TGR5) (expressed in macrophages, HSCs, and monocytes), lithocholic acid (LCA) has multiple functions, such as inhibiting inflammation and regulating metabolism. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effects of LCA on immune cells and HSCs in liver fibrosis.
methodsA liver fibrosis mouse model was induced by carbon tetrachloride followed by gavage of LCA, and the effects of LCA were evaluated by serum biochemical analysis, liver histology, and western bolt. Plasma cytokine levels and the number of immune cells were determined by cytometric bead array and flow cytometry, respectively.
resultsLCA could inhibit the activation of HSCs by inducing apoptosis and reducing the activation of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) Smad-dependent and Smad-independent pathways. Meanwhile, LCA inhibited glycolysis and promoted oxidative phosphorylation, leading to the differentiation of macrophages to M2 type and inhibiting their differentiation to M1 type. Furthermore, LCA increased the recruitment of NK cells and reduced the activation of NKT cells. However, these effects of LCA were attenuated after antibiotics reduced the diversity and abundance of the gut microbiota.
conclusionsGut microbiota and LCA exerted synergistic anti-inflammatory effects on liver fibrosis. The combined intervention of gut microbiota and LCA will be a new strategy for treating liver fibrosis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.