ArticleBMC cancer2022
A combined spatial score of granzyme B and CD68 surpasses CD8 as an independent prognostic factor in TNM stage II colorectal cancer.
Article in BMC cancer, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Significance of tumor infiltrating granulocytes and neutrophil extracellular traps in colorectal cancer.British journal of cancer · 2026Article
- Increased Infiltration of CD4Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2026Observational
- Identification of heterogeneity and common characteristics in colorectal carcinoma located in distinct sites.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Outbreak of recombinant lumpy skin disease virus in yaks: high mortality and systemic pathogenesis in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau yak herds.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
- Identification and experimental validation of prognostic genes related to cytochrome c in breast cancer.Frontiers in genetics · 2025Article
- Granzyme B Expression in the Tumor Microenvironment as a Prognostic Biomarker for Patients with Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.Cancers · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPrevious assessments of peritumoral inflammatory infiltrate in colorectal cancer (CRC) have focused on the role of CD8
methodsImmunohistochemical (IHC) staining was performed for CD8, GZMB, CD68 and CD163 on next-generation tissue microarrays (ngTMAs) in a primary cohort (n = 107) and a TNM stage II validation cohort (n = 151). Using digital image analysis, frequency of distinct immune cell types was calculated for tumour proximity (TP) zones with varying radii (10 μm-100 μm) around tumour cells.
resultsAssociations notably of advanced TNM stage were observed for low density of CD8 (p = 0.002), GZMB (p < 0.001), CD68 (p = 0.034) and CD163 (p = 0.011) in the primary cohort. In the validation cohort only low GZMB (p = 0.036) was associated with pT4 stage. Survival analysis showed strongest prognostic effects in the TP25μm zone at the tumour centre for CD8
conclusionCombined high expression of GZMB and CD68 within 25 μm to tumour cells is an independent prognostic factor in CRC and of superior prognostic value to the well-established CD8 in TNM stage II cancers. Thus, assessment of antitumoral effect should consider the quality of immune activation in peritumoral inflammatory cells and their actual proximity to tumour cells.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.