Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36114313›Full record

SynthesisBrain imaging and behavior2022

Demographic reporting across a decade of neuroimaging: a systematic review.

Elijah Sterling, Hannah Pearl, Zexuan Liu, Jason W Allen, Candace C Fleischer

Abstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Brain imaging and behavior, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Social Determinants of Health, the developing brain, and risk and resilience for psychopathology.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026
    Review
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Social Determinants of Health and Early Brain Development.Pediatric clinics of North America · 2025
    Review
  9. Review
  10. Racial and ethnic socioenvironmental inequity and neuroimaging in psychiatry: a brief review of the past and recommendations for the future.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2024
    Review
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Elijah SterlingCollege of Arts and Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7539-2756
Hannah PearlSchool of Arts and Sciences, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7938-3467
Zexuan LiuDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7463-1612
Jason W AllenDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5274-1105
Candace C FleischerDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA. candace.fleischer@emory.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3265-2276

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Diversity of participants in biomedical research with respect to race, ethnicity, and biological sex is crucial, particularly given differences in disease prevalence, recovery, and survival rates between demographic groups. The objective of this systematic review was to report on the demographics of neuroimaging studies using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The Web of Science database was used and data collection was performed between June 2021 to November 2021; all articles were reviewed independently by at least two researchers. Articles utilizing MR data acquired in the United States, with n ≥ 10 human subjects, and published between 2010-2020 were included. Non-primary research articles and those published in journals that did not meet a quality control check were excluded. Of the 408 studies meeting inclusion criteria, approximately 77% report sex, 10% report race, and 4% report ethnicity. Demographic reporting also varied as function of disease studied, participant age range, funding, and publisher. We anticipate quantitative data on the extent, or lack, of reporting will be necessary to ensure inclusion of diverse populations in biomedical research.

Indexed as

EthnicityMagnetic Resonance ImagingHumansUnited StatesDemographic reportingMRINeuroimagingNIH Revitalization Act of 1993

Identifiers

PMID36114313
PMCPMC9712398

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.