ArticlePloS one2022
Cognitive and behavioral effects of whole brain conventional or high dose rate (FLASH) proton irradiation in a neonatal Sprague Dawley rat model.
Article in PloS one, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Examining the Occurrence of the FLASH Effect in Animal Models: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Ultra-High Dose Rate Proton or Carbon Ion Irradiation.Technology in cancer research & treatmentPooled it
- Harnessing the sparing effect of FLASH-RT: From phenomenon observation, radiophysical determinants to molecular mechanisms and synergistic strategies.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
- Early microglial activation in the TME enables FLASH-RT to eradicate medulloblastoma while promoting neuron-astrocyte crosstalk to minimize toxicity in the hippocampus.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- The potential and risks of FLASH radiotherapy in pediatric patients.Neuro-oncology pediatrics · 2026Review
- Systematic analysis of biological endpoint variability and implications for quantitative modeling of the FLASH sparing effect.Physics and imaging in radiation oncology · 2026Review
- A Two-Hit Model of Executive Dysfunction: Simulated Galactic Cosmic Radiation Primes Latent Deficits Revealed by Sleep Fragmentation.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Effects of whole brain proton irradiation at conventional or ultra-high dose rate (FLASH), in adult male Sprague Dawley rats.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Anesthesia is a potent determinant of ultra-high dose rate sparing in the murine total abdominal irradiation model.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- Irradiation and Alterations in Hippocampal DNA Methylation.Epigenomes · 2024Review
- Navigating the Critical Translational Questions for Implementing FLASH in the Clinic.Seminars in radiation oncology · 2024Review
- Preclinical Ultra-High Dose Rate (FLASH) Proton Radiation Therapy System for Small Animal Studies.Advances in radiation oncology · 2024Article
- A Gad2 specific Slc6a8 deletion recapitulates the contextual and cued freezing deficits seen in Slc6a8Brain research · 2024Article
- Tests for learning and memory in rodent regulatory studies.Current research in toxicology · 2024Article
- Development of a Single-Neurosphere Culture to Assess Radiation Toxicity and Pre-Clinical Cancer Combination Therapy Safety.Cancers · 2023Article
- Effects of UHDR and Conventional Irradiation on Behavioral and Cognitive Performance and the Percentage of Ly6G+ CD45+ Cells in the Hippocampus.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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Abstract
Recent studies suggest that ultra-high dose rates of proton radiation (>40 Gy/s; FLASH) confer less toxicity to exposed healthy tissue and reduce cognitive decline compared with conventional radiation dose rates (~1 Gy/s), but further preclinical data are required to demonstrate this sparing effect. In this study, postnatal day 11 (P11) rats were treated with whole brain irradiation with protons at a total dose of 0, 5, or 8 Gy, comparing a conventional dose rate of 1 Gy/s vs. a FLASH dose rate of 100 Gy/s. Beginning on P64, rats were tested for locomotor activity, acoustic and tactile startle responses (ASR, TSR) with or without prepulses, novel object recognition (NOR; 4-object version), striatal dependent egocentric learning ([configuration A] Cincinnati water maze (CWM-A)), prefrontal dependent working memory (radial water maze (RWM)), hippocampal dependent spatial learning (Morris water maze (MWM)), amygdala dependent conditioned freezing, and the mirror image CWM [configuration B (CWM-B)]. All groups had deficits in the CWM-A procedure. Weight reductions, decreased center ambulation in the open-field, increased latency on day-1 of RWM, and deficits in CWM-B were observed in all irradiated groups, except the 5 Gy FLASH group. ASR and TSR were reduced in the 8 Gy FLASH group and day-2 latencies in the RWM were increased in the FLASH groups compared with controls. There were no effects on prepulse trials of ASR or TSR, NOR, MWM, or conditioned freezing. The results suggest striatal and prefrontal cortex are sensitive regions at P11 to proton irradiation, with reduced toxicity from FLASH at 5 Gy.
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