ReviewFrontiers in medicine2022
B cells in systemic lupus erythematosus: Targets of new therapies and surveillance tools.
Review in Frontiers in medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Unsupervised machine learning identifies distinct SLE patient endotypes with differential response to belimumab.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2025Trial
- Mezagitamab in systemic lupus erythematosus: clinical and mechanistic findings of CD38 inhibition in an autoimmune disease.Lupus science & medicine · 2024Trial
- Shared Major Metabolic Pathways and Potential Targeted Therapies in Malignancies and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Withaferin A, a candidate drug for lupus nephritis, confers renal protection via Pon1‑mediated attenuation of oxidative stress.International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Article
- Decoding Lupus Diagnosis, Pathogenesis and Therapy: From Systemic Autoimmunity to Renal Damage.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Identification of genetic variants in B cell expressed genes associated with systemic lupus erythematosus in African American females.ImmunoHorizons · 2026Article
- B cell TET2 recruits OGT for nuclear TET2 and H2B O-GlcNAcylation to drive AID and BLIMP-1 expression and maturation of the antibody response.Cell reports · 2026Article
- Belimumab in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: From B-Cell Biology to Disease Modification.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Remodeling the Inflammatory Microenvironment: Nanomaterial-Based Targeted Strategies for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Lupus Nephritis.Small science · 2026Review
- Nanotechnology-Based Modulation of Autoimmune Microenvironments in Sjögren's Syndrome: A Review of Mechanistic Perspectives.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Antigen-specific B cell response regulation by IL-10-producing tolerogenic dendritic cells.Science advances · 2025Article
- Therapeutic progress in the targeting of B cells in lupus nephritis: pathogenesis to clinical research.International urology and nephrology · 2025Review
- Validation of BCMA-CD19 Compound CAR-T Therapy in SLE Overlap Syndrome: Over 1.5-Year Follow-Up.Stem cell reviews and reports · 2025Article
- Belimumab efficacy in mucocutaneous manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus: a large post hoc analysis of five phase III clinical trials.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2025Article
- Favorable outcomes for patients with refractory systemic lupus erythematosus treated with rituximab as evidenced with a follow-up of ≥ 10 years: a real-world evidence study.Rheumatology international · 2025Article
- Predictors of renal flares in systemic lupus erythematosus: a post-hoc analysis of four phase III clinical trials of belimumab.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2025Article
- Role of miRNAs in Apoptosis Pathways of Immune Cells in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2025Review
- Article
- CD226Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- The path less traveled: the non-canonical NF-κB pathway in systemic lupus erythematosus.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
B cell hyperactivity is a hallmark of the complex autoimmune disease systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), which has justified drug development focusing on B cell altering agents during the last decades, as well as the off-label use of B cell targeting biologics. About a decade ago, the anti-B cell activating factor (BAFF) belimumab was the first biological agent to be licensed for the treatment of adult patients with active yet non-renal and non-neuropsychiatric SLE, to later be expanded to include treatment of pediatric SLE and, recently, lupus nephritis. B cell depletion is recommended as an off-label option in refractory cases, with the anti-CD20 rituximab having been the most used B cell depleting agent to date while agents with a slightly different binding specificity to CD20 such as obinutuzumab have also shown promise, forming a part of the current pipeline. In addition, terminally differentiated B cells have also been the targets of experimental therapies, with the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib being one example. Apart from being promising drug targets, B and plasma cells have also shown promise in the surveillance of patients with SLE, especially for monitoring B cell depleting or B cell altering therapies. Inadequate B cell depletion may signify poor expected clinical response to rituximab, for example, while prominent reductions in certain B cell subsets may signify a protection against flare development in patients treated with belimumab. Toward an era with a richer therapeutic armamentarium in SLE, including to a large extent B cell altering treatments, the challenge that emerges is to determine diagnostic means for evidence-based therapeutic decision-making, that uses clinical information, serological markers, and gene expression patterns to guide individualized precision strategies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.