ReviewFrontiers in pharmacology2022
Cardiotoxicity associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: Current status and future challenges.
Review in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Cardiotoxicity Risk of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Compared with Chemotherapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Observational Studies.Cardiovascular toxicology · 2025Pooled it
- Association between comorbidities and major adverse cardiovascular events in patients undergoing immune checkpoint blockade.BMC cancer · 2026Article
- Electrocardiographic changes in immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated cardiac injury: a narrative review.Cardiovascular diagnosis and therapy · 2026Review
- Drug-induced adverse events in modern pharmacotherapy: mechanisms, clinical manifestations, and implications for risk assessment and management.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Hemoglobin is associated with cardiotoxicity in melanoma patients without anemia receiving immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy.International journal of cardiology. Heart & vasculature · 2025Article
- Navigating Cardiotoxicity in Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: From Diagnosis to Long-Term Management.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2025Review
- Time dependent predictors of cardiac inflammatory adverse events in cancer patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors.Cardio-oncology (London, England) · 2025Article
- Comprehensive review of non-invasive-treatment-related cardiovascular toxicity in breast cancer.iScience · 2025Review
- Cardiovascular adverse effects of immunotherapy in cancer: insights and implications.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Review
- Pembrolizumab-induced nonischemic cardiomyopathy: a case report of a rare immune-related adverse event.AME case reports · 2025Article
- Targeting the Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone System (RAAS) for Cardiovascular Protection and Enhanced Oncological Outcomes: Review.Current treatment options in oncology · 2024Review
- High neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio is associated with cancer therapy-related cardiovascular toxicity in high-risk cancer patients under immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy.Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society · 2024Article
- Perimyocarditis Associated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Review
- Combinatorial immune checkpoint blockade increases myocardial expression of NLRP-3 and secretion of H-FABP, NT-Pro-BNP, interleukin-1β and interleukin-6: biochemical implications in cardio-immuno-oncology.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2024Article
- Article
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors-Associated Myocarditis: Diagnosis, Treatment and Current Status on Rechallenge.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Article
- Evaluation of cardiovascular toxicity of the atezolizumab and bevacizumab combination.Frontiers in drug safety and regulation · 2023Article
- Case Report: Replacement of PD-1 inhibitors with PD-L1 inhibitors in the treatment of squamous non-small-cell lung carcinoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are the most notable breakthrough in tumor treatment. ICIs has been widely used in tumor patients, but its wide range of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) should not be ignored. irAEs can be involved in any organ system, including immune-related cardiotoxicity. Although the cardiotoxicity induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors is rare, it is extremely lethal and has attracted increasing attention. PD-1 and PD-L1 are expressed in human cardiomyocytes, so the application of PD-1/PDL-1 inhibitors can cause many adverse reactions to the cardiovascular system. This review summarizes the latest epidemiological evidence on the cardiovascular toxicity of programmed cell death protein-1(PD-1)/programmed cell death ligand-1(PD-L1) inhibitors and the clinical manifestations, as well as the potential pathological mechanisms. These updates may provide a novel perspective for monitoring early toxicity and establishing appropriate treatment for patients with ICI-related cardiotoxicity.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.