ArticleReproductive health2022
Serum urea acid and urea nitrogen levels are risk factors for maternal and fetal outcomes of pregnancy: a retrospective cohort study.
Article in Reproductive health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Maternal hyperuricemia and adverse maternal-fetal outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Pooled it
- High Maternal Serum Uric Acid Levels and Risk of Low-Birth-Weight and Small for Gestational Age Infant: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2025Pooled it
- Association of maternal serum vitamin a levels in the first trimester with the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes: a prospective cohort study of Chinese women.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Association of hyperuricemia with higher miscarriage rates and lower live birth rates in women undergoing IVF/ICSI.Journal of ovarian research · 2025Article
- Article
- Effect of serum uric acid level on reproductive outcome in women without polycystic ovary syndrome undergoing in vitro fertilization.Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E · 2024Article
- Elevated uric acid in gestational diabetes and its risk on pregnancy outcomes.SAGE open medicine · 2024Article
- The microbiome biomarkers of pregnant women's vaginal area predict preterm prelabor rupture in Western China.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIn recent years, results on the association between serum uric acid (UA) and pregnancy outcomes have been inconsistent, and the association between urea nitrogen (UN) and adverse pregnancy outcomes in normal pregnant women has not been reported. Thus, we examined the association of UA and UN levels during gestation with the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes in a relatively large population.
methodsA total of 1602 singleton mothers from Union Shenzhen Hospital of Huazhong University of Science and Technology at January 2015 to December 2018 were included. Both UA and UN levels were collected and measured during the second (16-18th week) and third (28-30th week) trimesters of gestation respectively. Statistical analysis was performed using multivariate logistic regression.
resultsAfter adjustment, the highest quartile of UA in the third trimester increased the risk of premature rupture of membranes (PROM) and small for gestational age infants (SGA) by 48% (odds ratio [OR]: 1.48, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.04-2.10) and 99% (95% CI: 1.01-3.89) compared to those in the lowest quartile. The adjusted OR (95% CI) in the highest quartile of UN for the risk of SGA was 2.18 (95% CI: 1.16-4.13) and 2.29 (95% CI: 1.20-4.36) in the second and third trimester, respectively. In the second trimester, when UA and UN levels were both in the highest quartile, the adjusted OR (95% CI) for the risk of SGA was 2.51 (95% CI: 1.23-5.10). In the third trimester, when the group 1 (both indicators are in the first quartile) was compared, the adjusted ORs (95% CI) for the risk of SGA were 1.98 (95% CI: 1.22-3.23) and 2.31 (95% CI: 1.16-4.61) for group 2 (UA or UN is in the second or third quartile) and group 3 (both indicators are in the fourth quartile), respectively.
conclusionsHigher UA and UN levels increased the risk of maternal and fetal outcomes. The simultaneous elevation of UA and UN levels was a high-risk factors for the development of SGA, regardless of whether they were in the second or third trimester.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.