ArticleBJGP open2022
Using the quadruple aim to understand the impact of virtual delivery of care within Ontario community health centres: a qualitative study.
Article in BJGP open, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Digital Health Interventions to Prevent Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Systematic Review.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Pooled it
- Choosing between virtual and in-person family physician care: a qualitative study.Family practice · 2025Article
- Clinician-Caregiver Engagement in Older Adult Care. Development of a Validated Caregiver Experience Survey to Inform the Optimization of the Caregiver Role.Journal of patient experience · 2025Article
- Effects of Virtual Care on Patient and Provider Experience of the Clinical Encounter: Qualitative Hermeneutic Study.Journal of medical Internet research · 2024Article
- Artificial intelligence and social accountability in the Canadian health care landscape: A rapid literature review.PLOS digital health · 2024Review
- Mapping Theories, Models, and Frameworks to Evaluate Digital Health Interventions: Scoping Review.Journal of medical Internet research · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe onset of the COVID-19 pandemic and introduction of various restrictions resulted in drastic changes to 'traditional' primary healthcare service delivery modalities.
aimTo understand the impact of virtual care on healthcare system performance within the context of Ontario community health centres (CHCs). DESIGN &
settingThematic analysis of qualitative interviews with 36 providers and 31 patients.
methodSemi-structured phone interviews were conducted in the autumn of 2020. Interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analysed thematically using the quadruple aim framework.
resultsThe transition to virtual delivery of services has had both positive and negative impacts on care. Virtual care removed certain barriers to care such as access. However, patients and providers found that phone visits impacted quality of care owing to the inability to read body language and having to rely solely on patient descriptions. Video visits allowed for a similar experience to in-person visits but technical issues constrained this interaction. Depending on the service provided, some providers felt they were not providing the same quality of care. However, providers reported reductions in no-show rates and highlighted the efficiency of virtual appointments. Providers also found they were able to collaborate at a similar level before the pandemic and saw improvements in work-life balance. Overall, patients and providers alike preferred virtual visits with those known to them, and for less complex or transactional aspects of care.
conclusionThe study described positive and negative impacts on patient care, population health, health system costs, and provider experience. These results will be useful for primary care organisations in post-pandemic planning; however, future research is needed for a deeper exploration of the impact on quality of care specifically for more complex health concerns.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.