ArticlePLoS pathogens2022
A tRNA-derived fragment present in E. coli OMVs regulates host cell gene expression and proliferation.
Article in PLoS pathogens, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Probiotic extracellular vesicles reprogram macrophage immunometabolism: From gut crosstalk to host health.Gut microbes · 2026Review
- tRNA‑derived RNAs in hepatic diseases: From biological functions to clinical translation (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Review
- RNAs Associated With Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicles: Structural Insights Into Surface Composition.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2026Article
- Environmental Stress Induces Altered Composition of Streptococcus mutans Membrane Vesicles: pH-Driven Changes in Membrane Vesicle Production and Composition.Molecular oral microbiology · 2026Article
- Review
- Dissecting the small RNA code of inflammatory bowel disease.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2026Article
- Review
- Targeted Inhibition of P. gingivalis OMV-derived TsRNA by tetrahedral framework nucleic acids promotes periodontal regeneration.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Article
- From environmental signals to adaptive phenotypes: signal-responsive regulation and network logic of bacterial small RNAs.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2026Review
- Bacterial EVs contain small RNAs and transfer RNAs that regulate inflammation in lung infections.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Toward a better understanding of the ecological roles of extracellular vesicles from plant-associated bacteria.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2025Review
- Deciphering the immunomodulatory cross-talk: Bacterial extracellular vesicles in gut homeostasis.Virulence · 2025Review
- tRNA-derived small noncoding RNAs: Roles in brain aging and neurodegenerative disorders.Zoological research · 2025Review
- Optimized identification and characterization of small RNAs with PANDORA-seq.Nature protocols · 2025Review
- Milk-Derived Extracellular Vesicles and microRNAs: Potential Modulators of Intestinal Homeostasis.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2025Review
- Emerging roles of transfer RNA fragments in the CNS.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2025Review
- Extracellular Vesicles From Xylella fastidiosa Carry sRNAs and Genomic Islands, Suggesting Roles in Recipient Cells.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2025Article
- Exploring the Gut Microbiota-Retina Axis: Implications for Health and Disease.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Streptococcus mutans-derived extracellular vesicles promote skin wound healing via tRNA cargo.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Article
- Does the Hfq Protein Contribute to RNA Cargo Translocation into Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicles?Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
RNA-sequencing has led to a spectacular increase in the repertoire of bacterial sRNAs and improved our understanding of their biological functions. Bacterial sRNAs have also been found in outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), raising questions about their potential involvement in bacteria-host relationship, but few studies have documented this issue. Recent RNA-Sequencing analyses of bacterial RNA unveiled the existence of abundant very small RNAs (vsRNAs) shorter than 16 nt. These especially include tRNA fragments (tRFs) that are selectively loaded in OMVs and are predicted to target host mRNAs. Here, in Escherichia coli (E. coli), we report the existence of an abundant vsRNA, Ile-tRF-5X, which is selectively modulated by environmental stress, while remaining unaffected by inhibition of transcription or translation. Ile-tRF-5X is released through OMVs and can be transferred to human HCT116 cells, where it promoted MAP3K4 expression. Our findings provide a novel perspective and paradigm on the existing symbiosis between bacteria and human cells.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.