ReviewNaunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology2022
Nanomedicine and drug delivery to the retina: current status and implications for gene therapy.
Review in Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 80 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mapping the intellectual landscape and emerging trends of retinitis pigmentosa research.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Emerging innovations in ophthalmic drug delivery for diabetic retinopathy: a translational perspective.Drug delivery and translational research · 2026Review
- Engineering Strategies of Colloidal Drug Delivery Systems, a Rising Star in Ocular Neovascular Diseases.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- From Genetic Diagnosis to Therapeutic Implementation in Retinal Diseases: Translational Advances and Persistent Bottlenecks.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Mitochondrial ROS in Retinal Neurodegeneration: Thresholds, Quality Control Failure, and Precision Therapeutic Windows.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Review
- Anatomically Guided Non-Viral CRISPR/Cas9 Delivery in the Eye: Overcoming Barriers for Precision Gene Therapy.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Targeting AKT via SC79 for Photoreceptor Preservation in Retinitis Pigmentosa Mouse Models.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Impact of PEGylation and hyaluronan functionalization on lipoplex-mediated mRNA delivery to the canine retina.Drug delivery · 2025Article
- Baicalin nano-micelles for dry eye disease: LC-MS/MS method validation, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in preclinical models.Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society · 2025Article
- Comprehensive insights into the role of nanocarriers in advancing azole-based ocular therapeutics.RSC advances · 2025Review
- Cyclic nucleotide signaling as a drug target in retinitis pigmentosa.FEBS letters · 2025Review
- Recent advances in engineered exosome-based therapies for ocular vascular disease.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Review
- Magnetic-Guided Delivery of Antisense Oligonucleotides for Targeted Transduction in Multiple Retinal Explant and Organoid Models.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Recent advancements in polymer science for retinal diseases: New frontiers in drug delivery systems.APL bioengineering · 2025Article
- Intravitreally Injected Plasmonic Nanorods Activate Bipolar Cells with Patterned Near-Infrared Laser Projection.ACS nano · 2025Article
- Current views and trends of nanomaterials as vectors for gene delivery since the 21st century: a bibliometric analysis.Nanomedicine (London, England) · 2025Article
- Non-Viral Delivery Systems to Transport Nucleic Acids for Inherited Retinal Disorders.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Localization of fluorescent gold nanoparticles throughout the eye after topical administration.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Revolutionizing Retinal Therapy: The Role of Nanoparticle Drug Carriers in Managing Vascular Retinal Disorders.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Blindness affects more than 60 million people worldwide. Retinal disorders, including age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic retinopathy (DR), and glaucoma, are the leading causes of blindness. Finding means to optimize local and sustained delivery of drugs or genes to the eye and retina is one goal to advance the development of new therapeutics. Despite the ease of accessibility of delivering drugs via the ocular surface, the delivery of drugs to the retina is still challenging due to anatomic and physiologic barriers. Designing a suitable delivery platform to overcome these barriers should enhance drug bioavailability and provide a safe, controlled, and sustained release. Current inventions for posterior segment treatments include intravitreal implants and subretinal viral gene delivery that satisfy these criteria. Several other novel drug delivery technologies, including nanoparticles, micelles, dendrimers, microneedles, liposomes, and nanowires, are now being widely studied for posterior segment drug delivery, and extensive research on gene delivery using siRNA, mRNA, or aptamers is also on the rise. This review discusses the current state of retinal drug/gene delivery and highlights future therapeutic opportunities.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.