SynthesisFrontiers in immunology2022
Immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines in patients with diabetes mellitus: A systematic review.
Synthesis in Frontiers in immunology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 79 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association of Chronic Hyperglycemia and Glycemic Variability with Mortality in COVID-19: Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of Chinese herbal medicine to prevent and treat COVID-19 household close contacts in Hong Kong: an open-label, randomized controlled trial.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Trial
- Bivalent RSV Prefusion F Protein-Based Vaccine Effectiveness in Individuals With and Without Diabetes: A Prespecified Analysis of the DAN-RSV Trial.Diabetes care · 2026Article
- Effectiveness of COVID-19 Vaccines Against Hospitalization and Severe Disease in Children with Diabetes Mellitus During Pandemic and Post-Pandemic Eras.Microorganisms · 2026Article
- Safety and antibody responses to inactivated COVID-19 vaccines among elderly patients with COPD: a prospective cohort study.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Malaria-diabetes comorbidity is linked to higher parasitaemia and enhanced IgG response to malaria vaccine candidate antigens.PloS one · 2026Article
- Insulin deficiency inhibits vaccine-mediated antibody and germinal center B-cell formation in mice.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Genome-Wide Association Study of COVID-19 Breakthrough Infections and Genetic Overlap with Other Diseases: A Study of the UK Biobank.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- COVID-19 Vaccine Effectiveness and Risk Factors of Booster Failure in 480,000 Patients with Diabetes Mellitus: A Population-Based Cohort Study.Microorganisms · 2025Article
- Personalized immunization to optimize vaccine immunogenicity: exploring the multidimensional effects of host intrinsic factors, external intervention strategies, and the external environment.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Gut microbiota is associated with persistence of longer-term BNT162b2 vaccine immunogenicity.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Glycemic control and vaccine response: the role of mucosal immunity after vaccination in diabetic patients.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Association between Glycosylated Hemoglobin Levels and Vaccine Preventable Diseases: A Systematic Review.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Monovalent SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccine Does not Boost Omicron-Specific Immune Response in Diabetic and Control Pediatric Patients.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Short-Term Adverse Effects of the Fourth Dose of Vaccination against COVID-19 in Adults over 40 Years of Age.Vaccines · 2024Article
- Vaccinomics and adversomics: key elements for a personalized vaccinology.Clinical and experimental vaccine research · 2024Review
- Two versus three doses of COVID-19 vaccine and post-vaccination COVID-19 infection in hemodialysis patients.Infection prevention in practice · 2024Article
- COVID-19 Vaccination Reactions and Risk of Breakthrough Infections Among People With Diabetes: Cohort Study Derived From Community Reporters.JMIR diabetes · 2024Article
- Sustained cell-mediated but not humoral responses in rituximab-treated rheumatic patients after vaccination against SARS-CoV-2.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2024Article
- Effectiveness of SARS-CoV-2 primary vaccines and boosters in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Hungary (HUN-VE 4 Study).BMJ open diabetes research & care · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) through a systematic approach. Method: A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science with no time restrictions. The search was based on the three main concepts: Covid-19, Vaccine immunogenicity and Diabetes Mellitus. Results: After excluding irrelevant studies, 16 studies remained for the quantitative assay. Among the sixteen studies, eleven had controls. Type of diabetes was specifically mentioned in six studies (T2DM; n=4, T1DM and T2DM; n=2). Twelve of the included studies were conducted on the immunogenicity of vaccines that included mRNA vaccines (i.e. BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273) in DM, five studies included vector-based vaccines (i.e. Ad5-nCoV and ChAdOx1-S), and five studies assessed the immunogenicity of vaccines in DM, including inactivated vaccines (i.e. BBV-152, CoronaVac, Sinopharm or SinoVac). Most of the current studies indicate lower antibody response in patients with DM compared to individuals without DM, after the second dose of vaccine and irrespective of vaccine type. Several studies have shown that higher age and higher BMI are associated with lower antibody response, while optimum glycemic control and higher GFR are associated with higher antibody response among patients with DM. Conclusion: Immunogenicity of the vaccines has mostly been reported to be lower among patients with DM compared to healthy controls. There are also few studies assessing variables that significantly affect this association, including age, type of diabetes, BMI, glycemic control and eGFR. Investigating these associations could help us provide the most advantageous condition for patients with DM before, during and after vaccination for optimum antibody response. Many unresolved issues concerning potential factors affecting vaccine immunogenicity, including type of vaccine, numbers of administered doses, re-vaccination intervals and hyperglycemia in patients with DM need to be addressed through future research.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.