Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36105617›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of nanomedicine2022

Nanoformulated Recombinant Human Myelin Basic Protein and Rituximab Modulate Neuronal Perturbations in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis in Mice.

Muhammed A Saad, Noha M Eissa, Mohammed A Ahmed, Aliaa N ElMeshad, Götz Laible, Ahmed S Attia, Medhat A Al-Ghobashy, Rania M Abdelsalam, Muhammad Y Al-Shorbagy

Open access · goldAbstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in International journal of nanomedicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
0.6field-weighted citation impact, top 34% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.

Muhammed A SaadDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
Noha M EissaSchool of Pharmacy, Newgiza University, Giza, Egypt.
Mohammed A AhmedDepartment of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.ORCID 0000-0002-9073-4969
Aliaa N ElMeshadDepartment of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.ORCID 0000-0002-9454-7458
Götz LaibleAgResearch, Ruakura Research Centre, Hamilton, New Zealand.ORCID 0000-0003-1048-2819
Ahmed S AttiaDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.ORCID 0000-0003-0491-1007
Medhat A Al-GhobashyAnalytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
Rania M AbdelsalamDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
Muhammad Y Al-ShorbagyDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
Cairo University · EGUniversity of Auckland · NZ

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Rituximab (RTX) and recombinant human myelin basic protein (rhMBP) were proven to be effective in ameliorating the symptoms of multiple sclerosis (MS). In this study, a nanoformulation containing rhMBP with RTX on its surface (Nano-rhMBP-RTX) was prepared and investigated in comparison with other treatment groups to determine its potential neuro-protective effects on C57BL/6 mice after inducing experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Methods: EAE was induced in the corresponding mice by injecting 100 μL of an emulsion containing complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG). The subjects were weighed, scored and subjected to behavioural tests. After reaching a clinical score of 3, various treatments were given to corresponding EAE-induced and non-induced groups including rhMBP, RTX, empty nanoparticle prepared by poly (lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) or the prepared nanoformulation (Nano-rhMBP-RTX). At the end of the study, biochemical parameters were also determined as interferon-γ (IFN-γ), myeloperoxidase (MPO), interleukin-10 (IL-10), interleukin-4 (IL-4), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB), brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), 2', 3' cyclic nucleotide 3' phosphodiesterase (CNP) and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) along with some histopathological analyses. Results: The results of the Nano-rhMBP-RTX group showed promising outcomes in terms of reducing the clinical scores, improving the behavioural responses associated with improved histopathological findings. Elevation in the levels of IL-4, CNP and TGF-β was also noticed along with marked decline in the levels of NF-kB and TNF-α. Conclusion: Nano-rhMBP-RTX treated group ameliorated the adverse effects induced in the EAE model. The effectiveness of this formulation was demonstrated by the normalization of EAE-induced behavioral changes and aberrant levels of specific biochemical markers as well as reduced damage of hippocampal tissues and retaining higher levels of myelination.

Indexed as

Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, ExperimentalAnimalsHumansInterleukin-4MiceMice, Inbred C57BLMyelin Basic ProteinNF-kappa BRituximabTransforming Growth Factor betaTumor Necrosis Factor-alphaInterleukin-4Myelin Basic ProteinNF-kappa BRituximabTransforming Growth Factor betaTumor Necrosis Factor-alphaexperimental autoimmune encephalomyelitismultiple sclerosisnanoparticlerecombinant human myelin basic proteinrituximab

Identifiers

PMID36105617
PMCPMC9464642
OpenAlexW4294761388

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.