ArticleInternational journal for equity in health2022
Nutritional inequalities among under-five children: a geospatial analysis of hotspots and cold spots in 73 low- and middle-income countries.
Article in International journal for equity in health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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13 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Deaths due to malnutrition in children under five in Colombia, 2015-2023: a spatiotemporal analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Double burden of malnutrition among children under five years in Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study of prevalence and determinants.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Prevalence and Socio-demographic determinants of overweight and obesity among females of reproductive age in ghana: an analysis of the 2022 Ghana demographic and health survey.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Population-Level Impact of Risk Factors on Stunting Among Children Under Five in Sub-Saharan Africa (2015-2022).Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) · 2025Article
- Impact of prenatal drought exposures on under-5 childhood stunting in 32 low-and-middle-income countries: a global analysis using demographic and health survey.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2025Article
- Article
- Determinants of Child Growth in Palestine (Ages 5-17): A Structural Equation Modeling Approach to Food Insecurity, Nutrition, and Socioeconomic Factors.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Dietary habits and cognitive performance in primary school students: a cross-sectional study in Khemisset region in Morocco.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Examining contraceptive utilization behavior in Pakistani women.Reproductive health · 2024Article
- Maternal mental health and nutritional status of infants aged under 6 months: A secondary analysis of a cross-sectional survey.PLOS global public health · 2024Article
- Global disability-adjusted life years and deaths attributable to child and maternal malnutrition from 1990 to 2019.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- How do household living conditions and gender-related decision-making influence child stunting in Rwanda? A population-based study.PloS one · 2024Article
- Wealth inequalities in nutritional status among the tribal under-5 children in India: A temporal trend analysis using NFHS data of Jharkhand and Odisha states - 2006-21.Dialogues in health · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundChild undernutrition is a severe health problem in the developing world, which affects children's development in the long term. This study analyses the extent and patterns of under-five child undernutrition using Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) for 73 low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).
methodsFirst, we mapped the prevalence of undernutrition in the developing world. Second, using the LISA (a local indicator of spatial association) technique, we analyzed the geographical patterns in undernutrition to highlight the localized hotspots (regions with high undernutrition prevalence surrounded by similar other regions), cold spots (regions with low undernutrition prevalence surrounded by similar other regions), and outliers (regions with high undernutrition surrounded by low undernutrition and vice versa). Third, we used Moran's I to find global patterns in child undernutrition.
resultsWe find that South Asia has the highest under-five child undernutrition rates. The intra-country nutritional inequalities are highest in Burundi (stunting), Kenya (wasting), and Madagascar (underweight). The local indicator of spatial association (LISA) analysis suggests that South Asia, Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, and Sub-Saharan Africa are undernutrition hotspots and Europe and Central Asia and Latin America, and the Caribbean are undernutrition cold spots (regions with low undernutrition surrounded by similar other regions). Getis Ord-Gi* estimates generally support LISA analysis. Moran's I and Geary's C gave similar results about the global patterns of undernutrition. Geographically weighted regressions suggest that several socioeconomic indicators significantly explain child undernutrition.
conclusionsWe found a significant within and across country variation in stunting, wasting and underweight rates among the under-five children's population. The geospatial analysis also suggested that stunting, wasting, and underweight patterns exhibit clear regional patterns, underscoring the need for coordinated interventions at the regional level.
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