ArticleScience translational medicine2022
A shift in lung macrophage composition is associated with COVID-19 severity and recovery.
Article in Science translational medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 72 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
72 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 111 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systemic cytokines drive conserved severity-associated myeloid responses across bacterial and viral infections.Communications biology · 2025Pooled it
- Metabolic control of macrophages in coronavirus disease 2019.Virulence · 2026Review
- Systems genetics analysis reveals immune mediators of coronavirus disease severity in mice.Genetics · 2026Article
- Macrophage heterogeneity in human secondary lymphoid organs.Clinical science (London, England : 1979) · 2026Review
- Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals aberrant airway epithelial-immune cell cross-talk in pulmonary fibrosis.ERJ open research · 2026Article
- Cellular immunology data enable clinical severity prediction via supervised machine learning.iScience · 2026Article
- Efferocytosis of apoptotic bodies drives SARS-CoV-2 infection and macrophage inflammation.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Differential effects of SARS-CoV-2-targeted infection of ATII, club cells, and macrophages on lung immunopathology and antiviral responses.Mucosal immunology · 2026Article
- Single-cell polygenic risk scores dissect cellular and molecular heterogeneity of complex human diseases.Nature biotechnology · 2026Article
- Macrophage-derived MBL restrains coronavirus-induced pulmonary inflammation by modulating metabolic regulator PKM2-mediated NLRP3 activation.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Cross-coronavirus host susceptibility loci influence disease severity through immune mediators.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Deciphering immune features and cellular heterogeneity in PRRSV infection via single-cell RNA sequencing.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- Alveolar Immune Profiling Identifies Distinct Subphenotypes of Acute Respiratory Failure.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Noninvasive Monitoring of Inflammatory Processes by Myeloid Cell-Directed PET Tracers in an Experimental Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection Model.Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine · 2026Article
- Article
- Alveolar dysregulation of host response in pneumonia and ARDS: implications for immune modulation and infection.Annals of intensive care · 2026Review
- Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies from severe COVID-19 individuals or S2 immunizations do not worsen disease in hamsters.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Type I IFNs Decrease SARS-CoV-2 Replication in Human Cardiomyocytes and Increase Cytokine Production in Macrophages.Journal of clinical immunology · 2025Article
- Macrophages: sentinels, warriors, and healers.Human molecular genetics · 2025Review
- SARS-CoV-2 infection induces pro-fibrotic and pro-thrombotic foam cell formation.Nature microbiology · 2025Article
12 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Update of
Authors and funding
37 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Although it has been more than 2 years since the start of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, COVID-19 continues to be a worldwide health crisis. Despite the development of preventive vaccines, therapies to treat COVID-19 and other inflammatory diseases remain a major unmet need in medicine. Our study sought to identify drivers of disease severity and mortality to develop tailored immunotherapy strategies to halt disease progression. We assembled the Mount Sinai COVID-19 Biobank, which was composed of almost 600 hospitalized patients followed longitudinally through the peak of the pandemic in 2020. Moderate disease and survival were associated with a stronger antigen presentation and effector T cell signature. In contrast, severe disease and death were associated with an altered antigen presentation signature, increased numbers of inflammatory immature myeloid cells, and extrafollicular activated B cells that have been previously associated with autoantibody formation. In severely ill patients with COVID-19, lung tissue-resident alveolar macrophages not only were drastically depleted but also had an altered antigen presentation signature, which coincided with an influx of inflammatory monocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages. In addition, we found that the size of the alveolar macrophage pool correlated with patient outcome and that alveolar macrophage numbers and functionality were restored to homeostasis in patients who recovered from COVID-19. These data suggest that local and systemic myeloid cell dysregulation are drivers of COVID-19 severity and modulation of alveolar macrophage numbers and activity in the lung may be a viable therapeutic strategy for the treatment of critical inflammatory lung diseases.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.