ReviewClinical microbiology reviews2022
Genotypic Resistance Testing of HIV-1 DNA in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells.
Review in Clinical microbiology reviews, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Deep sequencing reveals underestimated burden of integrase inhibitor resistance mutations in people living with HIV: a global individual patient data meta-analysis.Emerging microbes & infections · 2025Pooled it
- HIV-1 Antiretroviral Drug Resistance in Mozambique: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Viruses · 2024Pooled it
- Dolutegravir/Lamivudine Efficacy and Safety Outcomes in People With HIV-1 With or Without Historical Resistance Results at Screening: 48-Week Pooled Analysis.Open forum infectious diseases · 2024Trial
- Effectiveness, Sex Differences, and Patient Experience in Real-World Use of Long-Acting Cabotegravir and Rilpivirine: Results from a Prospective Study.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2026Article
- Longitudinal Analysis of HIV-2 Proviral DNA Reveals Archived Protease Inhibitor Resistance and Reservoir Evolution over Eight Years.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Development and genomic characterization of a diverse HIV-1 variant reference panel for nucleic acid-based testing.Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology · 2026Article
- Similar Changes in Proviral Landscapes Over 10 Years in 40 Individuals With Diverging HIV Reservoir Dynamics and Viral Load Kinetics.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Predictors of discontinuing injectable cabotegravir/rilpivirine and virologic outcomes after resuming oral antiretroviral therapy.HIV medicine · 2026Article
- Machine learning quantifies immuno-virological interactions: a TRIPOD+AI compliant prediction model for HIV-1 salvage therapy outcomes.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Top 10 Questions and Answers From the National Clinician Consultation Center: What is Coming Up for Clinicians Across the United States.Topics in antiviral medicine · 2025Article
- Utilizing HIV Proviral DNA to Assess for the Presence of HIV Drug Resistance.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2025Review
- How should APOBEC3-induced resistance mutations be considered in the management of antiretroviral therapy?The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2025Article
- HIV-1 Drug Resistance Trends in the Era of Modern Antiretrovirals: 2018-2024.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Treatment of Advanced HIV in the Modern Era.Drugs · 2025Review
- Efficacy, safety, and anti-inflammatory properties of the switch to a doravirine-based regimen among antiretroviral-experienced elderly people living with HIV-1: the DORAGE cohort.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2025Article
- Molecular characterization of HIV-1 near-full-length proviral quasispecies in monocytes from patients across different virological responses.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Clearance of archived integrase strand transfer inhibitors resistance mutations in people with virologically suppressed HIV infection.JAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2024Article
- Review
- Management of low-level HIV viremia during antiretroviral therapy: Delphi consensus statement and appraisal of the evidence.Sexually transmitted infections · 2024Article
- Practical updates in clinical antiviral resistance testing.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
HIV-1 DNA exists in nonintegrated linear and circular episomal forms and as integrated proviruses. In patients with plasma viremia, most peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) HIV-1 DNA consists of recently produced nonintegrated virus DNA while in patients with prolonged virological suppression (VS) on antiretroviral therapy (ART), most PBMC HIV-1 DNA consists of proviral DNA produced months to years earlier. Drug-resistance mutations (DRMs) in PBMCs are more likely to coexist with ancestral wild-type virus populations than they are in plasma, explaining why next-generation sequencing is particularly useful for the detection of PBMC-associated DRMs. In patients with ongoing high levels of active virus replication, the DRMs detected in PBMCs and in plasma are usually highly concordant. However, in patients with lower levels of virus replication, it may take several months for plasma virus DRMs to reach detectable levels in PBMCs. This time lag explains why, in patients with VS, PBMC genotypic resistance testing (GRT) is less sensitive than historical plasma virus GRT, if previous episodes of virological failure and emergent DRMs were either not prolonged or not associated with high levels of plasma viremia. Despite the increasing use of PBMC GRT in patients with VS, few studies have examined the predictive value of DRMs on the response to a simplified ART regimen. In this review, we summarize what is known about PBMC HIV-1 DNA dynamics, particularly in patients with suppressed plasma viremia, the methods used for PBMC HIV-1 GRT, and the scenarios in which PBMC GRT has been used clinically.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.