ArticleJournal of the American Heart Association2022
Impact of Socioeconomic Status on Mortality and Readmission in Patients With Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction: The ARIC Study.
Article in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Evaluation of machine learning methods for prediction of heart failure mortality and readmission: meta-analysis.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2025Pooled it
- Socio-economic inequalities and heart failure morbidity and mortality: A systematic review and data synthesis.ESC heart failure · 2025Pooled it
- Socio-economic status and the effect of guideline-directed medical therapy in the STRONG-HF study.ESC heart failure · 2025Trial
- Well-Known and Novel Behavioural Risk Factors for Heart Failure.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2026Review
- Demographics and clinical outcomes of patients with acute heart failure : The Acute Heart Failure Registry from the Clinic Ottakring (AHF-COR Registry).Wiener klinische Wochenschrift · 2026Article
- Association between educational attainment and discharge disposition following incident stroke hospitalization: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study.Frontiers in stroke · 2026Article
- An overview of the association between socioeconomic deprivation and heart failure.Heart failure reviews · 2025Review
- Adherence to guideline-directed medical treatments in heart failure. A scientific statement of the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the ESC and the ESC Working Group on Cardiovascular Pharmacotherapy.European journal of heart failure · 2025Review
- Optimizing Cardiovascular Care in Aging Populations: A Comprehensive Review of Geriatric Cardiology.Cureus · 2025Review
- The application of neighborhood area deprivation index to improve health equity across the spectrum of heart failure: a review.Heart failure reviews · 2025Review
- Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Referral to Outpatient Heart Failure Management at Hospital Discharge: A Get With The Guidelines Analysis.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Article
- Impact of Social Determinants of Health on Cardiovascular Disease.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Review
- Increasing Readmissions of HFpEF and the Burden They Cause.International journal of heart failure · 2025Article
- Retrospective Evaluation and Analysis of Pharmacoequity with Guideline-directed Medical Therapy in Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (REAP-HF).Innovations in pharmacy · 2025Article
- Comorbidities and determinants of health on heart failure guideline-directed medical therapy adherence: All of us.International journal of cardiology. Cardiovascular risk and prevention · 2024Article
- Association Between Socioeconomic Disadvantage and Risks of Early and Recurrent Admissions Among Patients With Newly Diagnosed Heart Failure.Circulation. Cardiovascular quality and outcomes · 2024Article
- Disparities in Heart Failure Deaths among Patients with Cirrhosis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Evaluating the Predictive Accuracy of Socioeconomic Metrics on Heart Failure Risk and Outcomes in Maryland.Cureus · 2024Article
- Artificial Intelligence and Health Equity: Opportunities and Obstacles.JACC. Advances · 2024Article
- Race and Socioeconomic Status Impact Diagnosis and Clinical Outcomes in Transthyretin Cardiac Amyloidosis.JACC. CardioOncology · 2024Article
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11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Background Low socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with a higher risk of heart failure (HF). The contribution of individual and neighborhood SES to the prognosis and quality of care for HF with reduced ejection fraction is not clear yet has important implications. Methods and Results We examined 728 participants of the ARIC (Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities) study (mean age, 78.2 years; 34% Black participants; 46% women) hospitalized with HF with reduced ejection fraction (ejection fraction <50%) between 2005 and 2018. We assessed associations between education, income, and area deprivation index with mortality and HF readmission using multivariable Cox models. We also evaluated the use of guideline-directed medical therapy (optimal: ≥3 of ß-blockers, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, or angiotensin receptor blockers; acceptable: at least 2) at discharge. During a median follow-up of 3.2 years, 58.7% were readmitted with HF, and 74.0% died. Low income was associated with higher mortality (hazard ratio [HR], 1.52 [95% CI, 1.14-2.04]) and readmission (HR, 1.45 [95% CI, 1.04-2.03]). Similarly, low education was associated with mortality (HR, 1.27 [95% CI, 1.01-1.59]) and readmission (HR, 1.62 [95% CI, 1.24-2.12]). The highest versus lowest area deprivation index quartile was associated with readmission (HR, 1.69 [95% CI, 1.11-2.58]) but not necessarily with mortality. The prevalence of optimal guideline-directed medical therapy and acceptable guideline-directed medical therapy was 5.5% and 54.4%, respectively, but did not significantly differ by SES. Conclusions Among patients hospitalized with HF with reduced ejection fraction, low SES was independently associated with mortality and HF readmission. A targeted secondary prevention approach that focuses intensive efforts on patients with low SES will be necessary to improve outcomes of those with HF with reduced ejection fraction.
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