ArticleThe Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism2022
Safety and Efficacy of Pediatric Growth Hormone Therapy: Results From the Full KIGS Cohort.
Article in The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 76 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
76 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 104 citations in OpenAlex.
- Selecting the Substantially Touched Vertebra as the Lowest Instrumented Vertebra in Spinal Surgeries for B3GALT6 -Related Disorders: Clinical Experience and Literature Review.Orthopaedic surgery · 2025Pooled it
- Effects of long-term treatment with recombinant growth hormone on growth outcome in children born small for gestational age: a systematic review.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2025Pooled it
- Short-acting growth hormone supplementation for bone age and growth rate in children with idiopathic short stature: a meta-analysis.BMC pediatrics · 2025Pooled it
- Clinical practice guidelines for the care of girls and women with Turner syndrome.European journal of endocrinology · 2024Guideline
- Efficacy and safety of once-weekly somatrogon following up to 4 years of treatment in Japanese children with growth hormone deficiency: results from an open-label extension of a phase 3 study.Endocrine journal · 2026Trial
- Improvement in body composition of Japanese participants with Prader-Willi syndrome following somatropin treatment: an open-label, multi cohort Phase 3 study.Endocrine journal · 2025Trial
- A Novel Y-Shaped Pegylated Recombinant Human Growth Hormone for Children With Growth Hormone Deficiency.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Trial
- Dose-response relationship between growth hormone treatment and the development of scoliosis in children with short stature.Annals of medicine · 2026Article
- Up to 5 years of weekly somatrogon in children with growth hormone deficiency: final data from the global phase 3 study.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2026Article
- Weekly somatrogon vs daily somatropin: a propensity score-matched analysis of growth outcomes from clinical data vs KIGS.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2026Article
- Interpretable Machine Learning for Predicting Suboptimal 12-Month Growth Response to Recombinant Human Growth Hormone in Children with Idiopathic Short Stature: A Dual-Center External Validation Study.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Growth Hormone Therapy in Children Born Small for Gestational Age with Persistent Short Stature: Lessons Learned from Real-World International Databases and Directions for Future Research.Hormone research in paediatrics · 2026Review
- Phenotypic and genotypic diversity in patients with Chinese aggrecan gene-related short stature.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Accumulated safety data of recombinant human growth hormone therapy in Korean children over a 10-year period: interim results from the LG Growth Study.Endocrine connections · 2026Article
- Final adult height in Korean children with idiopathic growth hormone deficiency after growth hormone treatment.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Long-Term experience with growth hormone therapy in pediatric growth disorders: an analysis of the LG growth study data.Endocrine · 2026Observational
- Children with craniopharyngioma resection had better response to recombinant human growth hormone therapy than those with idiopathic short stature.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Observational
- Exploratory secondary analysis of published aggregate growth and metabolic data in children born small for gestational age treated with growth hormone.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Narrative medicine approach for assessing the emotional experience of children and adolescents treated with daily rhGH and their caregivers.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Impact of growth hormone treatment on childhood growth patterns in Kermanshah: A retrospective cohort study.Journal of education and health promotion · 2026Article
16 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
21 authors at 19 institutions in 14 countries.
Funding
Abstract
contextThe Kabi/Pfizer International Growth Database (KIGS) is a large, international database (1987-2012) of children treated with recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) in real-world settings.
objectiveThis work aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of rhGH from the full KIGS cohort.
methodsData were collected by investigators from children with growth disorders treated with rhGH (Genotropin [somatropin]; Pfizer). Safety was evaluated in all treated patients, and efficacy in those treated for 1 year or more. A subgroup included patients treated for 5 years or more (≥ 2 years prepubertal) who had reached near-adult height (NAH). Main outcomes included adverse events (AEs), serious AEs (SAEs), and height growth.
resultsThe full KIGS cohort (N = 83 803 [58% male]) was treated for idiopathic GH deficiency (IGHD; 46.9%), organic GHD (10.0%), small for gestational age (SGA; 9.5%), Turner syndrome (TS; 9.2%), idiopathic short stature (ISS; 8.2%), and others (16.2%). Median rhGH treatment duration was 2.7 years and observation 3.1 years. SAEs occurred in 3.7% of patients and death in 0.4%. The most common SAEs were recurrence of craniopharyngioma (n = 151), neoplasm (n = 99), and cancer (n = 91); and scoliosis (n = 91). Median first-year delta height-SD score (SDS) (Prader) in prepubertal patients was 0.66 (IGHD), 0.55 (ISS), 0.58 (TS), and 0.71 (SGA). Median gains in NAH-SDS were 1.79 (IGHD), 1.37 (ISS), and 1.34 (SGA) for boys, and 2.07 (IGHD), 1.62 (ISS), 1.07 (TS), and 1.57 (SGA) for girls.
conclusionData from KIGS, the largest and longest running international database of rhGH-treated children, show that rhGH is safe and increases short-term height gain and adult height across GHD and non-GHD conditions.
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