Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36101748›Full record

ArticlePublic health in practice (Oxford, England)2022

Falsified and substandard medicines trafficking: A wakeup call for the African continent.

Yusuf Hassan Wada, Abdullahi Abdulrahman, Musabu Ibrahim Muhammad, Vivian Chiemerie Owanta, Pearl Udoka Chimelumeze, Garba M Khalid

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Public health in practice (Oxford, England), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

19 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Yusuf Hassan WadaFaculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo Univeristy, Sokoto, Nigeria.
Abdullahi AbdulrahmanFaculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo Univeristy, Sokoto, Nigeria.
Musabu Ibrahim MuhammadFaculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo Univeristy, Sokoto, Nigeria.
Vivian Chiemerie OwantaFaculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria.
Pearl Udoka ChimelumezeFaculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria.
Garba M KhalidDepartment of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Bayero University, Kano, P.M.B, 3011, Nigeria.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

While great effort is being placed on reducing disease burdens in Africa, the circulation of falsified and substandard medicines in the continent are reversing the hard-won gains. This commentary provides insights on the high (and increasing) burden, impact and threat that falsified and substandard medicines pose to the region's development. The proposed recommendations, such as a coherent multi-sectorial and government-led strategy, call for a fundamental rethink of approaches towards strong regulations, policies, legislations, community-based approaches, collaborations and investments, which all must be scaled up before this the situation gets out of control. These recommendations are of paramount importance and have the potential to ensure access to genuine medicines and also to avert therapeutic failure and intoxication from dangerous substances. In addition, there will be added benefits to the economic, social, health and well-being of the region. Concerted efforts towards medicine regulations have enormous potential to contribute towards averting many preventable deaths and reducing disease burden in the region. A paradigm shift is necessary to ensure quality medicines reach patients at community and healthcare facilities to prevent this silent epidemic in Africa.

Indexed as

AfricaAMA, African Medicines AgencyAU, African UnionCDs, Communicable diseasesCGMP, Current Good Manufacturing PracticeFalsifiedMedicinesNCDs, Non-communicable diseasesPMSs, Patent Medicine SellersPPMVs, Patent and Proprietary Medicine VendorsPwC, PricewaterhouseCoopersSDGs, Sustainable Development GoalsSubstandardUS$, United State DollarsWHO, World Health Organization

Identifiers

PMID36101748
PMCPMC9461548

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.