ArticleBMC pregnancy and childbirth2022
Gestational anemia and maternal antenatal and postpartum psychological distress in a prospective FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study.
Article in BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- The prevalence of mental health-related multimorbidity during pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2026Pooled it
- Iron Adequacy Modifies the Association Between Prenatal Diet Quality and Pregnancy-Related Anxiety in Pregnant Women: A Cross-Sectional Study.Food science & nutrition · 2026Article
- Iron deficiency and depression: evidence of critical risk periods.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Environmental Stressors, Anemia, and Depressive Symptoms in Pregnancy: Unpacking the Combined Risks.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Effect of gestational anemia on breastfeeding- a prospective follow-up -study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
- Recommendations for diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia.HemaSphere · 2024Article
- Prevalence of and relevant factors for depression and anxiety symptoms among pregnant women on the eastern seaboard of China in the post-COVID-19 era: a cross-sectional study.BMC psychiatry · 2023Article
- Association of Anaemia and Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Nigerian medical journal : journal of the Nigeria Medical AssociationArticle
- Association of Gestational Iron-deficiency Anemia with Antenatal Depression among Pregnant Women: A Case-control Study from Tertiary Care Hospitals, Lahore.Journal of research in pharmacy practiceArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundGestational anemia, most commonly caused by iron deficiency, may increase the risk of maternal anxiety and depression and have a potentially far-reaching impact on mother's and newborn's health. Several mechanisms, such as effects of iron deficiency on cerebral neurotransmitter metabolism, have been suggested. None of the earlier studies have assessed the association between gestational anemia and depression, anxiety and pregnancy-related anxiety simultaneously.
methodsWomen, participating in the FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study and attending maternity welfare clinics in Turku, whose hemoglobin (Hb) values during pregnancy were available were included in this study (n = 1273). The study group consisted of 301 women with Hb levels < 11.0 g/dL at any time during pregnancy, and 972 women with Hb ≥ 11.0 g/dL were included in the control group. Symptoms of depression, anxiety, and pregnancy-related anxiety were assessed using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL), and Pregnancy-Related Anxiety Questionnaire (PRAQ) questionnaires at 14, 24, and 34 gestational weeks, and EPDS and SCL were also performed 3 and 6 months postpartum.
resultsGestational anemia was not associated with an increased risk of depression either prenatally or postpartum when the analyses were adjusted for maternal age at birth, parity, smoking during pregnancy, maternal education, and gestational age. However, a weak connection was found between gestational anemia and prenatal anxiety in the early pregnancy. Furthermore, the analysis between women with Hb < 10.0 g/dL and those with Hb ≥ 10.0 g/dL showed an association between gestational anemia and anxiety in the late pregnancy, but otherwise no difference in psychological distress was found.
conclusionsNo evidence supporting the association between gestational anemia and antenatal or postpartum depression was found. However, a weak connection between gestational anemia and antenatal anxiety was observed. This finding needs further investigation to establish timing and investigate causality.
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