ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2023
Same-Day Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation as a Predictor of Loss to Follow-up and Viral Suppression Among People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of retention and disengagement after initiation on antiretroviral therapy in low- and middle-income countries after the introduction of Universal Test and Treat policies.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2025Pooled it
- Same-day ART initiation, loss to follow-up and viral load suppression among people living with HIV in low- and middle-income countries: systematic review and meta-analysis.The Pan African medical journal · 2023Pooled it
- Thoughts of Death or Self-injury, Non-same-day ART Initiation, and 2-year Incidence of Disengagement from Care Among People Entering HIV Care in Cameroon.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- Viral Suppression Following Same-day Initiation Antiretroviral Therapy among Persons Aware of their Classification as Recent or Long-term Infected with HIV Per Recent Infection Testing Algorithm, Rwanda 2021-2022.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- The impact of same-day and rapid ART initiation under the Universal Health Coverage programme on HIV outcomes in Thailand: a retrospective real-life cohort study.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2025Article
- Effect of rapid antiretroviral therapy initiation on loss to follow-up, mortality, and virologic failure among people with human immunodeficiency virus under the treat-all policy in China: analysis of routine data.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
- Long-term HIV care outcomes under universal HIV treatment guidelines: A retrospective cohort study in 25 countries.PLoS medicine · 2024Article
- Clinical Relevance of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Low-level Viremia in the Dolutegravir era: Data From the Viral Load Cohort North-East Lesotho (VICONEL).Open forum infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Outcomes and Predictors of Rapid Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation for People With Newly Diagnosed HIV in an Integrated Health Care System.Open forum infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Treatment Outcomes After Offering Same-Day Initiation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Treatment-How to Interpret Discrepancies Between Different Studies.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2023Article
- Long-term outcomes of rapid antiretroviral NNRTI-based initiation among Thai youth living with HIV: a national registry database study.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundTreat-All guidelines recommend initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) for all people with HIV (PWH) on the day of diagnosis when possible, yet uncertainty exists about the impact of same-day ART initiation on subsequent care engagement. We examined the association of same-day ART initiation with loss to follow-up and viral suppression among patients in 11 sub-Saharan African countries.
methodsWe included ART-naive adult PWH from sites participating in the International epidemiology Databases to Evaluate AIDS (IeDEA) consortium who enrolled in care after Treat-All implementation and prior to January 2019. We used multivariable Cox regression to estimate the association between same-day ART initiation and loss to follow-up and Poisson regression to estimate the association between same-day ART initiation and 6-month viral suppression.
resultsAmong 29 017 patients from 63 sites, 18 584 (64.0%) initiated ART on the day of enrollment. Same-day ART initiation was less likely among those with advanced HIV disease versus early-stage disease. Loss to follow-up was significantly lower among those initiating ART ≥1 day of enrollment, compared with same-day ART initiators (20.6% vs 27.7%; adjusted hazard ratio: .66; 95% CI .57-.76). No difference in viral suppression was observed by time to ART initiation (adjusted rate ratio: 1.00; 95% CI: .98-1.02).
conclusionsPatients initiating ART on the day of enrollment were more frequently lost to follow-up than those initiating later but were equally likely to be virally suppressed. Our findings support recent World Health Organization recommendations for providing tailored counseling and support to patients who accept an offer of same-day ART.
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