ReviewAesthetic plastic surgery2023
Efficacy and Safety of Botulinum Toxin Type A for Treatment of Glabellar Lines: A Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.
Review in Aesthetic plastic surgery, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06448676 (Head-to-Head Comparison of the Efficacy and Safety of All Five Commercially Available Botulinum Neurotoxin Type A Products for the Treatment of Glabellar Rhytides), which is not on this map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Head-to-Head Comparison of the Efficacy and Safety of All Five Commercially Available Botulinum Neurotoxin Type A Products for the Treatment of Glabellar Rhytides: A Multicenter, Double-Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and Safety of LetibotulinumtoxinA for the Treatment of Moderate-to-Severe Glabellar Lines: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of RCTs.Aesthetic plastic surgery · 2026Pooled it
- Efficacy and Safety of CKDB-501A in Treating Moderate-To-Severe Glabellar Lines: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Active-Controlled, Multi-Center Phase III Trial.Journal of cosmetic dermatology · 2025Trial
- A Study of Combined Onabotulinumtoxin A and Hyaluronic Acid Filler for the Treatment of Enlarged Facial Pores.Toxins · 2025Trial
- Objective Assessment of the Onset of RelabotulinumtoxinA in the Elevation of the Eyebrow and Its Clinical Implications.Journal of cosmetic dermatology · 2026Article
- Efficacy and Safety of IncobotulinumtoxinA for the Simultaneous Treatment of Upper Facial Lines: A GRADE Assessed Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Aesthetic surgery journal. Open forum · 2026Review
- Monitoring complications of botulinum toxin in community practice: A pharmacological study.Bioinformation · 2026Article
- Engineered Exosomes Complexed with Botulinum Toxin Type A for Enhanced Anti-Aging Effects on Skin.Biology · 2025Article
- Efficacy and Safety Analysis of Botox Application and Iatrogenic Botulism: Panacea or Peril?Current pharmaceutical design · 2024Review
- Real-World, Retrospective, Multicenter, Observational Study on the Use of the First Liquid AbobotulinumtoxinA in Italy.Dermatology and therapy · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundBotulinum toxin type A (BoNT/A) has been used in aesthetic applications worldwide, including glabellar lines. Currently, four BoNT/A preparations were approved for the improvement of moderate-to-severe glabellar lines: onabotulinumtoxinA, abobotulinumtoxinA, incobotulinumtoxinA, and prabotulinumtoxinA. DaxibotulinumtoxinA is a new form of BoNT/A drug that is developed in clinical application. We performed this network meta-analysis (NMA) to assess the efficacy and safety of all these different BoNT/A formulations for treating glabellar lines.
methodsThe investigators searched randomized controlled trials (RCTs) using the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms "botulinum toxin" and "glabellar lines." We searched the relevant studies in electronic databases as following: PubMed, Elsevier, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library. The end points included the percentage of subjects with a glabellar line severity (GLS) score of none (0) or mild (1), and the percentage of subjects achieving ≥ 1-point and 2-point improvement in glabellar line severity at maximum frown at approximately month 1 by the investigators' assessment.
resultsAll formulations of BoNT/A were far superior to placebo in efficacy. DaxibotulinumtoxinA was the only treatment that significantly increased the proportion of subjects achieving ≥ 1 point improvement in GLS score compared with other BoNT/A formulations. Moreover, daxibotulinumtoxinA was ranked the highest for the proportion of subjects achieving ≥ 2-point improvement in GLS score. No significant differences were revealed for the incidence of any adverse events (AEs) that related to treatment or drug among all BoNT/A preparations.
conclusionThe overall results of this NMA suggested that daxibotulinumtoxinA is a new BoNT/A preparation that may be not only more effective but also well-tolerated for the treatment of glabellar lines. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE I: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.