ReviewJournal of neuroscience methods2022
Refinements to rodent head fixation and fluid/food control for neuroscience.
Review in Journal of neuroscience methods, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Drug self-administration in head-fixed mice.Nature protocols · 2026Review
- Animals in Teaching and Research in the Americas: Analysis of Legislation.Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science : JAALAS · 2025Article
- GlyT2-Positive Interneurons Regulate Timing and Variability of Information Transfer in a Cerebellar-Behavioral Loop.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2025Article
- Exploring rodent prosociality: A conceptual framework.Translational neuroscience · 2025Review
- Article
- Behavioral Training Procedures for Head-fixed Virtual Reality in Mice.Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE · 2024Article
- Hippocampal-dependent navigation in head-fixed mice using a floating real-world environment.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Distributional coding of associative learning in discrete populations of midbrain dopamine neurons.Cell reports · 2024Article
- A paradigm for ethanol consumption in head-fixed mice during prefrontal cortical two-photon calcium imaging.Neuropharmacology · 2024Article
- Behavioral Analysis of NMDAR Function in Rodents: Tests of Long-Term Spatial Memory.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2024Article
- Experience dependent plasticity of higher visual cortical areas in the mouse.Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · 2023Article
- A paradigm for ethanol consumption in head-fixed mice during prefrontal cortical two-photon calcium imaging.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Electrophysiological Recordings from Identified Cell Types in the Olfactory Cortex of Awake Mice.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
19 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The use of head fixation in mice is increasingly common in research, its use having initially been restricted to the field of sensory neuroscience. Head restraint has often been combined with fluid control, rather than food restriction, to motivate behaviour, but this too is now in use for both restrained and non-restrained animals. Despite this, there is little guidance on how best to employ these techniques to optimise both scientific outcomes and animal welfare. This article summarises current practices and provides recommendations to improve animal wellbeing and data quality, based on a survey of the community, literature reviews, and the expert opinion and practical experience of an international working group convened by the UK's National Centre for the Replacement, Refinement and Reduction of Animals in Research (NC3Rs). Topics covered include head fixation surgery and post-operative care, habituation to restraint, and the use of fluid/food control to motivate performance. We also discuss some recent developments that may offer alternative ways to collect data from large numbers of behavioural trials without the need for restraint. The aim is to provide support for researchers at all levels, animal care staff, and ethics committees to refine procedures and practices in line with the refinement principle of the 3Rs.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.