ReviewJAAD international2022
Side effects of steroid-sparing agents in patients with bullous pemphigoid and pemphigus: A systematic review.
Review in JAAD international, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Patient Perspectives on Treatment Outcomes and Priorities in Autoimmune Bullous Diseases: An Exploratory Survey among Dutch Patients.Dermatology (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Treatment of juvenile bullous pemphigoid with lebrikizumab.Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft = Journal of the German Society of Dermatology : JDDG · 2025Article
- Retrospective Evaluation of Omalizumab Treatment Efficacy in Patients with Bullous Pemphigoid.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Patient Experiences of Bullous Pemphigoid: Symptoms and Health-Related Quality of Life Impacts.Dermatology and therapy · 2025Article
- Bullous pemphigoid.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2025Review
- Advancements in Bullous Pemphigoid Treatment: A Comprehensive Pipeline Update.American journal of clinical dermatology · 2024Review
- Advancing Treatment in Bullous Pemphigoid: A Comprehensive Review of Novel Therapeutic Targets and Approaches.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2023Review
- Bullous pemphigoid-What do we know about the most recent therapies?Frontiers in medicine · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Systemic glucocorticoids are first-line treatment options for autoimmune blistering diseases; however, their long-term use is associated with significant toxicities. Objective: To evaluate the side effects of steroid-sparing agents and compare them with those of steroids. Methods: We searched Cochrane Reviews, Embase, MEDLINE, and Scopus between October 1978 and May 2020 using the keywords "bullous pemphigoid," "pemphigus," "autoimmune blistering diseases," and "side effects." A total of 31 randomized controlled trials and retrospective case series were critically appraised. Results: This review includes a total of 1685 patients with autoimmune blistering diseases, of whom 781 had bullous pemphigoid and 904 had either pemphigus vulgaris or pemphigus foliaceous. Limitations: A major limitation is that because adjuvants are generally used in combination with steroids, only 12 of the studies reviewed included a "steroid-only" arm to allow for a direct comparison of side effects. Additionally, there is inadequate literature and lack of standardized grade reporting of specific side effects of each steroid-sparing agent. Conclusion: In the future, researchers should consider implementing the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events, version 5.0, for reporting of all side effects to allow for consistency and standardization. It would be useful to have an index similar to the Glucocorticoid Toxicity Index to quantify these side effects.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.