Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36089104›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of infection2022

Antibody correlates of protection from SARS-CoV-2 reinfection prior to vaccination: A nested case-control within the SIREN study.

Ana Atti, Ferdinando Insalata, Edward J Carr, Ashley D Otter, Javier Castillo-Olivares, Mary Wu, Ruth Harvey, Michael Howell, Andrew Chan, Jonathan Lyall and 26 more

Open access · hybridAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of infection, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
26citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
4.6field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 48 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  3. Extending ImmunoSpotVaccines · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

36 authors at 8 institutions in 1 country.

Ana AttiUK Health Security Agency, Smith Square, London SW1P, UK. Electronic address: ana.atti@ukhsa.gov.uk.
Ferdinando InsalataUK Health Security Agency, Smith Square, London SW1P, UK.
Edward J CarrThe Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Rd, London NW1 1AT, UK.
Ashley D OtterUK Health Security Agency, Porton Down, Salisbury SP4 0JG, UK.
Javier Castillo-OlivaresLaboratory of Viral Zoonotics, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge University, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0ES, UK.
Mary WuThe Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Rd, London NW1 1AT, UK.
Ruth HarveyThe Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Rd, London NW1 1AT, UK.
Michael HowellThe Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Rd, London NW1 1AT, UK.
Andrew ChanLaboratory of Viral Zoonotics, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge University, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0ES, UK.
Jonathan LyallLaboratory of Viral Zoonotics, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge University, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0ES, UK.
Nigel TempertonViral Pseudotype Unit, Medway School of Pharmacy, Universities of Greenwich and Kent at Medway, Central Ave, Gillingham, Chatham ME4 4BF, UK.
Diego CantoniViral Pseudotype Unit, Medway School of Pharmacy, Universities of Greenwich and Kent at Medway, Central Ave, Gillingham, Chatham ME4 4BF, UK.
Kelly da CostaViral Pseudotype Unit, Medway School of Pharmacy, Universities of Greenwich and Kent at Medway, Central Ave, Gillingham, Chatham ME4 4BF, UK.
Angalee NadesalingamLaboratory of Viral Zoonotics, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge University, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0ES, UK.
Andrew Taylor-KerrUK Health Security Agency, Smith Square, London SW1P, UK.
Nipunadi HettiarachchiUK Health Security Agency, Smith Square, London SW1P, UK.
Caio TranquilliniUK Health Security Agency, Smith Square, London SW1P, UK.
Jacqueline HewsonUK Health Security Agency, Porton Down, Salisbury SP4 0JG, UK.
Michelle J ColeUK Health Security Agency, Smith Square, London SW1P, UK.
Sarah FoulkesUK Health Security Agency, Smith Square, London SW1P, UK.
Katie MunroUK Health Security Agency, Smith Square, London SW1P, UK.
Edward J M MonkUK Health Security Agency, Smith Square, London SW1P, UK.
Iain D MilliganUK Health Security Agency, Smith Square, London SW1P, UK.
Ezra LinleyManchester Royal Infirmary, UK Health Security Agency, Oxford Road, Manchester M139WL, UK.
Meera A ChandUK Health Security Agency, Smith Square, London SW1P, UK.
Colin S BrownUK Health Security Agency, Smith Square, London SW1P, UK; The National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research (NIHR) Unit in Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance at the University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Headington, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK.
Jasmin IslamUK Health Security Agency, Smith Square, London SW1P, UK.
Amanda SemperUK Health Security Agency, Smith Square, London SW1P, UK.
Andre CharlettUK Health Security Agency, Smith Square, London SW1P, UK; NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Behavioural Science and Evaluation at University of Bristol in partnership with Public Health England, Queens Road, Bristol BS8 1QU, UK; NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Immunisation at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine in partnership with Public Health England, Keppel St, London WC1E 7HT, UK.
Jonathan L HeeneyUK Health Security Agency, Porton Down, Salisbury SP4 0JG, UK.
Rupert BealeThe Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Rd, London NW1 1AT, UK.
Maria ZambonUK Health Security Agency, Smith Square, London SW1P, UK.
Susan HopkinsUK Health Security Agency, Smith Square, London SW1P, UK; The National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research (NIHR) Unit in Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance at the University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Headington, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK.
Tim BrooksUK Health Security Agency, Smith Square, London SW1P, UK.
Victoria HallUK Health Security Agency, Smith Square, London SW1P, UK; The National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research (NIHR) Unit in Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance at the University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Headington, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK.
SIREN Study Group and the Crick COVID Immunity Pipeline ConsortiumUK Health Security Agency, Smith Square, London SW1P, UK.
UK Health Security Agency · GBThe Francis Crick Institute · GBUniversity of Cambridge · GBMedway School of Pharmacy · GBNational Institute for Health Research · GBDepartment of Health and Social Care · GBManchester Royal Infirmary · GBPublic Health England · GB

Funding

Medical Research Council MC_PC_20060Medical Research Council MR/W02067X/1Wellcome Trust CC1283Wellcome Trust CC2087
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesTo investigate serological differences between SARS-CoV-2 reinfection cases and contemporary controls, to identify antibody correlates of protection against reinfection.

methodsWe performed a case-control study, comparing reinfection cases with singly infected individuals pre-vaccination, matched by gender, age, region and timing of first infection. Serum samples were tested for anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike (anti-S), anti-SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (anti-N), live virus microneutralisation (LV-N) and pseudovirus microneutralisation (PV-N). Results were analysed using fixed effect linear regression and fitted into conditional logistic regression models.

resultsWe identified 23 cases and 92 controls. First infections occurred before November 2020; reinfections occurred before February 2021, pre-vaccination. Anti-S levels, LV-N and PV-N titres were significantly lower among cases; no difference was found for anti-N levels. Increasing anti-S levels were associated with reduced risk of reinfection (OR 0·63, CI 0·47-0·85), but no association for anti-N levels (OR 0·88, CI 0·73-1·05). Titres >40 were correlated with protection against reinfection for LV-N Wuhan (OR 0·02, CI 0·001-0·31) and LV-N Alpha (OR 0·07, CI 0·009-0·62). For PV-N, titres >100 were associated with protection against Wuhan (OR 0·14, CI 0·03-0·64) and Alpha (0·06, CI 0·008-0·40).

conclusionsBefore vaccination, protection against SARS-CoV-2 reinfection was directly correlated with anti-S levels, PV-N and LV-N titres, but not with anti-N levels. Detectable LV-N titres were sufficient for protection, whilst PV-N titres >100 were required for a protective effect. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: ISRCTN11041050.

Indexed as

COVID-19SARS-CoV-2Antibodies, ViralCase-Control StudiesHumansReinfectionVaccinationAntibodies, ViralImmunityNeutralising antibodiesReinfectionSARS-CoV-2SARS-CoV-2 serology

Identifiers

PMID36089104
PMCPMC9458758
OpenAlexW4295021362

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.