ArticleJournal of lipid research2022
Characterization of long-chain fatty acid-linked bile acids: a major conjugation form of 3β-hydroxy bile acids in feces.
Article in Journal of lipid research, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pleiotropic roles of microbial bile acid metabolism in intestinal health and diseases.Cell host & microbe · 2026Review
- Microbial transformation of secondary bile acids: roles in gut ecology and autoimmune diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Bile acid signaling: from dynamic pool composition to inter-organ communication.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Postoperative gut dysbiosis in biliary atresia patients treated by portoenterostomy or liver transplantation.Pediatric surgery international · 2025Article
- Review
- Bile acid metabolism in type 2 diabetes mellitus.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2025Review
- Liver specific transgenic expression of CYP7B1 attenuates early western diet-induced MASLD progression.Journal of lipid research · 2025Article
- MS2Lipid: A Lipid Subclass Prediction Program Using Machine Learning and Curated Tandem Mass Spectral Data.Metabolites · 2024Article
- Exploring the Spatial Variation in the Microbiota and Bile Acid Metabolism of the Compound Stomach in Intensively Farmed Yaks.Microorganisms · 2024Article
- The changing metabolic landscape of bile acids - keys to metabolism and immune regulation.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2024Review
- Offline Two-Dimensional Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry for Deep Annotation of the Fecal Metabolome Following Fecal Microbiota Transplantation.Journal of proteome research · 2024Article
- Another renaissance for bile acid gastrointestinal microbiology.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2024Review
- Article
- Bile acid profiles in adult patients with biliary atresia who achieve native liver survival after portoenterostomy.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Gut microbiota and bile acids: Metabolic interactions and impacts on diabetic kidney disease.Current research in microbial sciences · 2024Review
- Screening for potential warning biomarkers in cows with ketosis based on host-microbiota co-metabolism analysis.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Article
- Navigating cholestasis: identifying inborn errors of bile acid metabolism for precision diagnosis.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2024Article
- Ethanol-ProducingMicroorganisms · 2023Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Although most bile acids (BAs) in feces are present in noncovalent forms that can be extracted with ethanol, non-negligible amounts of saponifiable BAs are also present. It is a major concern that such saponifiable BAs are routinely omitted from fecal BA measurements. We compared the BA profiles of healthy stools that were obtained with/without alkaline hydrolysis and found that as much as 29.7% (2.1-67.7%) of total BAs were saponifiable. Specifically, alkaline treatment led to significant elevations of isodeoxycholic acid (isoDCA) and isolithocholic acid (isoLCA) concentrations, suggesting that considerable proportions of isoDCA and isoLCA were esterified. Precursor ion scan data from LC/MS suggested the presence of long-chain FA-linked BAs. We chemically synthesized a series of fatty acid 3β-acyl conjugates of isoDCA and isoLCA as analytical standards and analyzed their fecal profiles from newborns to adults (n = 64) by LC/MS. FA-conjugated isobile acids (FA-isoBAs) were constantly present from 2 years of age to adulthood. C16- and C18-chain FA-isoBA esters were predominantly found regardless of age, but small amounts of acetic acid esters were also found. FA-isoBA concentrations were not correlated to fecal FA concentrations. Interestingly, there were some adults who did not have FA-isoBAs. Gut bacteria involved in the production of FA-isoBAs have not been identified yet. The present study provides insight into the establishment of early gut microbiota and the interactive development of esterified BAs.The contribution of FA-isoBAs to gut physiology and their role in pathophysiologic conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease are currently under investigation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.