Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36088410›Full record

ArticleBMC pediatrics2022

Differences in close-work activities and optical axis length between only children and non-only children: a cross-sectional study.

Yanhui Wang, Yaoyao Lin, Dandan Jiang, Linjie Liu, Shudan Lin, Juan He, Youping Liang, Bing Sun, Yanyan Chen

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC pediatrics, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
0.3field-weighted citation impact, top 41% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 2 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Yanhui Wang *Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, Wenzhou, China.
Yaoyao Lin *The Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 270 Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, 325027, Zhejiang, China.
Dandan JiangThe Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 270 Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, 325027, Zhejiang, China.
Linjie LiuThe Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 270 Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, 325027, Zhejiang, China.
Shudan LinWenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, Wenzhou, China.
Juan HeWenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, Wenzhou, China.
Youping LiangThe Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 270 Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, 325027, Zhejiang, China.
Bing SunWenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, Wenzhou, China.
Yanyan ChenThe Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 270 Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, 325027, Zhejiang, China. wzcyymail@163.com.
Wenzhou Medical University · CNAffiliated Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThis study aimed to investigate the differences in optical axial length and close-work activities between only children and children with siblings in Wenzhou.

methodsThis was a cross-sectional population-based study. In total, 2913 school-aged children and their parents in Wenzhou were included as study subjects from April to May 2021. Data regarding the optical axial length, spherical equivalent refraction, number of children in a family, parental myopia, and close-work activities were collected through eye examinations and questionnaires. A multivariable logistic regression was used to analyze the association between the number of children in a family and optical axial length.

resultsThe children were aged 9.80 ± 3.41 years. The overall percentage of children with an axial length > 24 mm was 38.9%, 44.5% in only children and 35.6% in multiples. The multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that the odds of having an AL > 24 mm were 1.24 times higher in only children than in multiples (OR: 1.24, 95% CI: 1.025-1.480, P = 0.028). Only children were 1.331 times more likely to perform homework > 1 h on weekends than multiples (OR: 1.331, 95% CI: 1.049-1.688, P = 0.019). Only children in upper grades were 1.543 times more likely to perform homework > 1 h on weekends than multiples (OR: 1.543, 95% CI: 1.065-2.235, P = 0.025). Boys who were only children were more likely to attend three or more extracurricular classes for academic subjects than multiples (OR: 1.224, 95% CI: 1.011-1.562, P = 0.004).

conclusionsBeing an only child may be associated with a higher risk of myopia and higher odds of close-work behaviors. Only children, especially those in upper grades, are more likely to spend more time on homework than their peers who are multiples. Only children, especially boys, are more likely to attend extracurricular classes in academic subjects.

trial registrationThis trial is registered as ChiCTR1900020584 at www.Chictr.org.cn .

Indexed as

MyopiaRefraction, OcularChildCross-Sectional StudiesHumansMaleParentsSurveys and QuestionnairesClose-work activitiesFew children familyMyopiaOptical axial lengthSchool-aged children

Identifiers

PMID36088410
PMCPMC9463816
OpenAlexW4295495253

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.