ArticlePlant physiology2023
Dual-function DEFENSIN 8 mediates phloem cadmium unloading and accumulation in rice grains.
Article in Plant physiology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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14 citing papers in PubMed, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cadmium Toxicity toMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
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- Genomic and functional insights into the diversity of3 Biotech · 2025Article
- Barriers and carriers for transition metal homeostasis in plants.Plant communications · 2025Review
- PcWRKY1 Represses Transcription of Yellow Stripe-Like 3 (PcYSL3) to Negatively Regulate Radial Cadmium Transport in Poplar Stems.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Peptides from plants and microorganisms: a defense strategy for biotic and abiotic stresses.Frontiers in plant science · 2025Review
- New Insights into Involvement of Low Molecular Weight Proteins in Complex Defense Mechanisms in Higher Plants.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- The Uptake, Transfer, and Detoxification of Cadmium in Plants and Its Exogenous Effects.Cells · 2024Review
- Effects of different phosphorus fertilizers on cadmium absorption and accumulation in rice under low-phosphorus and rich-cadmium soil.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2024Article
- Identification and validation of seed dormancy loci and candidate genes and construction of regulatory networks by WGCNA in maize introgression lines.TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik · 2023Article
- Article
- Transcriptional Regulatory Network of Plant Cadmium Stress Response.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Seeds and heavy metal: Defensin-like protein DEF8 mediates cadmium accumulation in rice and phloem unloading.Plant physiology · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Grain cadmium (Cd) is translocated from source to sink tissues exclusively via phloem, though the phloem Cd unloading transporter has not been identified yet. Here, we isolated and functionally characterized a defensin-like gene DEFENSIN 8 (DEF8) highly expressed in rice (Oryza sativa) grains and induced by Cd exposure in seedling roots. Histochemical analysis and subcellular localization detected DEF8 expression preferentially in pericycle cells and phloem of seedling roots, as well as in phloem of grain vasculatures. Further analysis demonstrated that DEF8 is secreted into extracellular spaces possibly by vesicle trafficking. DEF8 bound to Cd in vitro, and Cd efflux from protoplasts as well as loading into xylem vessels decreased in the def8 mutant seedlings compared with the wild type. At maturity, significantly less Cd accumulation was observed in the mutant grains. These results suggest that DEF8 is a dual function protein that facilitates Cd loading into xylem and unloading from phloem, thus mediating Cd translocation from roots to shoots and further allocation to grains, representing a phloem Cd unloading regulator. Moreover, essential mineral nutrient accumulation as well as important agronomic traits were not affected in the def8 mutants, suggesting DEF8 is an ideal target for breeding low grain Cd rice.
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